Motricidade

Is the 10-RM test ideal for evaluating trained and untrained individuals?

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate whether the 10-RM test can be applied to both trained and untrained people in elbow flexor strengthening exercises. The sample consisted of 23 men aged between 18 and 30 years old, of which 11 were untrained (NT - control group), and 12 were resistance-trained (TR - trained group). The experiment started with a specific warm-up session followed by collections of myoelectric signals from the brachial biceps muscle, bilaterally, in Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contractions (MVIC), the 10-RM test for elbow flexion and the new MVIC, followed by deceleration. By analyzing each contraction separately contraction, a significant increase in RMS (Root Mean Square) was found by a normalized MVIC with regard to 1st contraction, starting from the 3rd repetition for the TR group. When comparing each contraction of the 10-RM test with the previous one, a significant reduction of MF (Median Frequency) between the 5th and the 6th repetition of the TR group was observed. It was concluded that the Test of 10 Maximum Repetitions should be reconsidered when performed for purposes of comparison between sides of the body. Also, when considering the probable fatigue caused by the successive movements, a better application of tests with 6 to 8 repetitions was suggested.

Associação entre diferentes domínios da atividade física e a dor lombar inespecífica em adolescentes

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar as associações entre diferentes domínios da atividade física (AF) e a dor lombar não específica em adolescentes. Estudo transversal de base escolar realizado com adolescentes de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Foram analisadas a dor lombar inespecífica, diferentes domínios da AF (deslocamento até a escola, a participação nas aulas de educação física escolar, a participação em escolinhas esportivas e o nível de atividade física geral), sexo, idade, nível socioeconômico e zona de moradia. Participaram do estudo 1.455 adolescentes (50.9% do sexo feminino) com média de idade de 13.5 (±2.02) anos. A prevalência de dor lombar foi de 16.1% (IC95%:14.2-17.9). A não participação nas aulas de Educação Física escolar foi o único domínio da AF a se associar com a presença de dor lombar (OR:2.26; IC95%:1.48-3.47). A não participação nas aulas de Educação Física aumenta a chance de adolescentes apresentarem dor lombar inespecífica.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the associations between different domains of physical activity (PA) and nonspecific low back pain in adolescents. A school-based study with adolescents randomly selected from a city in the south Brazil. Analyzed variables were nonspecific low back pain, different domains of PA (commuting to school, participation on physical education classes, participation on classes of sports teams, and the general physical activity level), sex, age, socioeconomic status and living area. 1,455 adolescents (50.9% female) with a mean age of 13.5 (± 2.02) years participated of the study. Low back pain prevalence was 16.1% (95% CI: 14.2-17.9). The non-participation in physical education classes was the only domain of PA to be associated with the presence of low back pain (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.48-3.47). Non-participation in Physical Education classes increases the chance of adolescents presenting nonspecific low back pain.

Concordância inter-avaliador de testes musculoesqueléticos e viscerais para avaliar a região pélvica em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço

RESUMO A avaliação minusciosa da região pélvica é necessária para conferir confiabilidade em pesquisas e, consequentemente, aplicação de tratamentos adequados na prática clínica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o nível de concordância inter-avaliador de um conjunto de testes musculoesqueléticos e viscerais para a região pélvica em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço. Deste estudo participaram 20 mulheres com idade compreendida entre 30 e 60 anos que foram diagnosticadas com incontinência urinária de esforço. Foram realizados nove testes de verificação de palpação e de mobilidade da região pélvica (testes de flexão em pé e sentada, teste de Gillet, teste de mobilidade ilíaca, sacral e da bexiga, teste do psoas e avaliação do tipo de abdômen) e um teste de provocação de dor para a articulação sacroilíaca (Patrick Faber) por dois avaliadores certificados e experientes. O grau de concordância inter-avaliador foi verificado através do coeficiente Kappa de Choen ((). Foi encontrada concordância significativa entre avaliadores nos testes Patrick Fabere e tipo de abdômen ((=0.649, p<0.0001 e (=0.342, p<0.342, respetivamente). Nos demais testes examinados não foi observada concordância significativa. De maneira geral, a reprodutibilidade dos testes realizados neste estudo entre avaliadores para avaliar a região pélvica em mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço é muito fraca.

ABSTRACT An accurate assessment of the pelvic region is necessary to provide reproducibility in research and clinical practice. The aim of this study, which is part of a randomized controlled trial, was to test the level of inter-examiner agreement of musculoskeletal and visceral tests to assess the pelvic region in women with stress urinary incontinence. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 20 women between 30 and 60 years old. Nine musculoskeletal tests were performed (standing and sitting flexion tests, Gillet test, iliac, sacral, and bladder position and mobility tests, psoas test, and abdomen assessment) and one pain provocation test for the sacroiliac joint (Patrick Faber test). Descriptive statistics were used, and the inter-examiner agreement was assessed using the Kappa coefficient ((). Significant agreement was found for the Patrick-Faber test and abdomen type (( = 0.649, p< 0.0001 and ( = 0.342, p< 0.342, respectively). No significant agreement was observed in the remaining tests. In general, the tests' reproducibility in this study among evaluators to assess women's pelvic region with stress urinary incontinence is very weak.

Influência da Atividade Física na Perceção da Imagem Corporal

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a satisfação corporal por níveis de atividade física. A amostra foi constituída por 899 sujeitos, sedentários, ativos e desportistas, com uma idade média de 28,97 (± 9,85) anos. O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a perceção com a imagem corporal foi o Body Image Satisfaction Questionnaire (BISQ). Para a comparação das médias do grau de satisfação com a imagem corporal foi utilizado o teste de Mann-Whitney. Os principais resultados indicaram que os ativos e desportistas apresentam valores mais elevados de satisfação da perceção da imagem corporal no sexo masculino. No sexo feminino, os níveis de atividades físicas de ativos apresentaram níveis mais elevados de satisfação da perceção com a imagem corporal.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare body image satisfaction by physical activity levels and sex. The sample consisted of 899 subjects, sedentary, active, and sports, with an average age of 28.97 ± 9.85. The instrument used to assess perception with body image was the Body Image Satisfaction Questionnaire. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the means of satisfaction with body image. The body image satisfaction was higher in the sports practice physical activity levels in males. In females, activities, and sportsmen's activities levels presented higher satisfaction with body image.

Analysis of oxidative stress in Wistar rats submitted to high-intensity interval training

ABSTRACT Physical exercise is a known factor that can promote oxidative stress and may result in cellular damage if not neutralized by antioxidant mechanisms. This study aimed to determine if the level of hepatic oxidative stress resulting from high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is affected by the frequency pattern (consecutive vs. non-consecutive) of the training sessions. Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided equally into four groups: two control groups, (CS1) and (CS2), remained sedentary throughout the experiment, and two test groups, (CT1) and (CT2), and were submitted to HIIT for 12 consecutive and non-consecutive (12 sessions, 3 times/wk over four weeks) days, respectively. There were no significant differences in markers of oxidative damage measured in hepatic tissue (TBARS) and markers of antioxidant activity (Sulfhydryl, FRAP), as well as markers of hepatic damage (AST and ALT) and antioxidant defense (Uric Acid) measured in plasma of both HIIT groups after training compared to the control groups. The results indicate that both HIIT performed for 12 consecutive and non-consecutive sessions did not promote hepatic oxidative damage in rats.

Avaliação do equilíbrio e da força muscular em pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total de quadril: revisão sistemática

RESUMO A artroplastia total de quadril, procedimento cirúrgico ortopédico realizado frequentemente pelo desgaste da articulação do quadril, pode ocasionar algias, incapacidades, distúrbios proprioceptivos, déficit no equilíbrio e na força muscular. Deste modo foi realizado um estudo de revisão sistemática com o objetivo de verificar se os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de artroplastia total de quadril possuem alteração de força muscular e equilíbrio. Foram realizadas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Lilacs, Pedro e Pubmed, como também na biblioteca online Scielo e no portal da CAPES no período de agosto de 2017 a junho de 2018. Foram incluídos estudos realizados em população acima de 18 anos de ambos os sexos que passaram pela cirurgia de artroplastia total de quadril. A busca forneceu inicialmente 595 artigos, dos quais 15 foram selecionados para leitura completa, sendo destes apenas sete foram incluídos. Os estudos evidenciaram alterações de diminuição da força muscular e déficit no equilíbrio resultando na piora da capacidade funcional do indivíduo. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os pacientes que foram submetidos a cirurgia de artroplastia total de quadril possuem alterações no equilíbrio e principalmente na força muscular periférica. No entanto, devido à escassez de estudos relacionados ao tema, tornam-se necessárias novas pesquisas.

ABSTRACT Total hip arthroplasty, an orthopedic surgical procedure often performed by hip joint wear, can lead to pain, disability, proprioceptive disorders, a deficit in balance, and muscle strength. Thus, a systematic review study was carried out to verify if patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty had altered muscle strength and balance. Searches were carried out in the following databases: Lilacs, Pedro, and Pubmed, as well as in the online Scielo library and the CAPES portal from August 2017 to June 2018. Studies carried out on a population over 18 years of age who underwent total hip arthroplasty surgery. The search initially provided 595 articles, of which 15 were selected for complete reading, of which only seven were included. The studies evidenced alterations of decrease of muscular strength and deficits in the balance, resulting in worsening of the individual's functional capacity. Thus, it is concluded that patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty surgery have alterations in balance and mainly in peripheral muscle strength. However, due to the scarcity of studies related to the subject, new research is necessary.

Aulas de educação física baseadas na educação desportiva: uma revisão sistemática

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo sumarizar as evidências de estudos sobre como a participação em aulas de educação física (EF) baseadas na educação desportiva (EDE) tem sido relacionada a atividade física (AF) em adolescentes, sobretudo quanto a participação em atividade física moderada a vigorosa (AFMV), fatores psicológicos e sociais. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática que incluiu 8 bases eletrônicas (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, PSYCINFO, ERIC e COCHRANE). Uma pesquisa inicial alcançou 162 títulos, permanecendo 149 após a retirada dos duplicados. Outros 10 estudos foram incluídos com base nas listas de referências, totalizando 159 estudos na fase de identificação. Na triagem, foram excluídas 89 referências, permanecendo 70 referências para análise de texto completo. Nesta etapa, foram excluídas 53 referências, resultando em 17 referências que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os estudos foram realizados entre 2002 e 2017, a maioria nos Estados Unidos. A maioria dos estudos reportou melhoras quanto aos fatores psicológicos e sociais, principalmente a motivação. Os dados sobre a participação dos adolescentes em AFMV foram contraditórios e inconclusivos, dificultando a compreensão do contributo do modelo para prática de AF dos alunos.

ABSTRACT This article aimed to summarize the evidence from studies on how participation in physical education (PE) classes based on sports education (EDE) has been related to physical activity (PA) in adolescents, especially regarding participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), psychological and social factors. A systematic review was carried out that included eight electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, ERIC, and COCHRANE). An initial search reached 162 titles, remaining 149 after removing duplicates. Another ten studies were included based on the reference lists, totaling 159 studies in the identification phase. In the screening, 89 references were excluded, remaining 70 references for full-text analysis. In this stage, 53 references were excluded, resulting in 17 references that met the inclusion criteria. The studies were carried out between 2002 and 2017, mostly in the United States. Most studies reported improvements in psychological and social factors, especially motivation. The data on the participation of adolescents in MVPA were contradictory and inconclusive, making it difficult to understand the model's contribution to students' PA practice.

Biomechanical responses to water fitness programmes: a narrative review

ABSTRACT In the past years, there was an increasing interest in the biomechanical responses in water fitness sessions. The present review consolidates the current “state-of-art” on the biomechanical responses in water fitness programmes. The literature was searched and screened studies on: (i) healthy subjects; and (ii) water fitness sessions and programmes reporting physical condition outcomes. A total of 36 studies met the inclusion criteria and categorized into four categories: (i) kinematics (n = 5); (ii) ground reaction force (n = 10); (iii) neuromuscular (n = 8); and (iv) strength (n = 14). There was a larger amount of evidence on strength, whereas some gaps in the body of knowledge still persist in the remaining categories. The existent studies cover a large range of age brackets (from young adults to the elderly). Women were recruited more often than men to be part of the studies. The effect of music cadence, body segments, exercise type (e.g., alternated or simultaneous), water depth, resistance equipment, and training protocols were the main topics under research.