Tourism & Management Studies

Factors Influencing ChatGPT Adoption for Trip Planning

Abstract The aim of this paper is to find and analyse factors influencing consumers’ intention to use ChatGPT for travel planning. The research model is constructed using DeLone and McLean's Information Systems (IS) success model, along with literature related to factors such as private protection services, trust, visit duration, self-esteem, opportunity cost, user satisfaction, and intrinsic and extrinsic benefits. Positive relationships have been confirmed between Information Quality, System Quality, Privacy Protection, and Perceived Trust. The results also indicate that Self-esteem, Opportunity Cost and Intrinsic Benefits positively influence Satisfaction. The study also reveals the significant impact of Perceived Trust and Satisfaction on the intention to continue using ChatGPT for trip planning. However, the findings did not support the effects of Visit Duration and Extrinsic Benefits on Satisfaction.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es identificar y analizar los factores que influyen en la intención de uso de ChatGPT para la planificación de viajes turísticos. El modelo propuesto se basa en el modelo de éxito de sistemas de información de DeLone y McLean y en la literatura relacionada con factores como servicios de protección de privacidad, confianza, duración de la visita, autoestima, coste de oportunidad, satisfacción del usuario y beneficios intrínsecos y extrínsecos. Los resultados muestran relaciones positivas entre la Calidad de la Información, la Calidad del Sistema y la Protección de la Privacidad con la Confianza Percibida. Los resultados también indican que la Autoestima, los Costes de Oportunidad y los Beneficios Intrínsecos influyen positivamente en la Satisfacción. El estudio también refleja el efecto de la Confianza Percibida y la Satisfacción en la intención de continuar usando ChatGPT para la planificación de viajes. Sin embargo, los hallazgos no respaldaron los efectos de la Duración de la Visita y los Beneficios Extrínsecos en la Satisfacción.

Turismo Cultural: Uma Revisão Integrativa

Abstract This review of cultural tourism covers the period 2019-2025, which has seen considerable growth in research output. The literature has been affected by a number of contextual factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic, new technologies, policy shifts and growing attention for intangible cultural heritage (ICH), storytelling and the role of place. The cultural tourism literature is also becoming more fragmented through the emergence of a number of niches, such as gastronomy and contents tourism. Chinese scholars are also beginning to have a major role in the field, stimulated by national policies to develop ‘Cultural Creative Tourism’. This also points to further democratisation of cultural tourism, away from its roots as an elite pastime. These is also growing attention for cultural tourism in rural areas, which has also helped to stimulate research on ICH. Recent research also highlights research gaps, including cultural tourism governance, the impacts of new technologies and social media, and the role of place curation strategies. Future research will need to tackle emerging issues, such as the role of destination coolness, the shift from destination management to place management and the nature of relationships between visitors and residents.

Resumo Esta revisão sobre o turismo cultural cobre o período de 2019 a 2025, durante o qual se verificou um crescimento considerável na produção científica. A literatura tem sido influenciada por vários fatores contextuais, incluindo a pandemia de COVID-19, as novas tecnologias, mudanças de políticas públicas e a crescente atenção dada ao património cultural imaterial (PCI), ao storytelling e ao papel do lugar. A literatura sobre turismo cultural está também a tornar-se mais fragmentada devido ao aparecimento de vários nichos, como a gastronomia e o “Turismo Mediático”. Os investigadores chineses começam igualmente a assumir um papel relevante, impulsionados por políticas nacionais destinadas a desenvolver o chamado “Turismo Cultural Criativo”. Isto aponta também para uma maior democratização do turismo cultural, afastando-se das suas origens enquanto atividade de elites. Observa-se igualmente uma atenção crescente ao turismo cultural em áreas rurais, o que tem contribuído para estimular a investigação sobre PCI. A investigação recente evidencia ainda lacunas, incluindo a governação do turismo cultural, os impactos das novas tecnologias e das redes sociais, bem como o papel das estratégias de curadoria do lugar. Futuras investigações deverão abordar questões emergentes, como o papel de “coolness” do destino, a transição da gestão do destino para a gestão do lugar e a natureza das relações entre visitantes e residentes.

An integrated methodological framework to measure tourism seasonality across short-stay accommodations offered via online platforms and hotels

Abstract This article proposes an integrated methodological framework to measure tourism seasonality that combines overnight stays in hotels and short-stay accommodations offered on digital platforms (including short-term rental properties). The methodology is applied in four phases: (i) seasonal factors to profile the monthly distribution, (ii) max/min ratio and Gini index to quantify annual concentration, (iii) additive decomposition of the Gini index to estimate relative marginal effects by market, and (iv) double decomposition of the Gini index by accommodation type and travellers’ origin. The empirical application to six Andalusian destinations shows that the max/min ratio and the Gini index offer similar results. The proposed framework constitutes a flexible methodology that can be applied at different levels: the max/min ratio is ideal for public reports and dashboards, while the Gini index and its simple and double decomposition are more suitable for comparative analysis, policy evaluation, and designing strategies to reduce seasonality, which makes it easier to identify markets with greater deseasonalisation potential.

Resumen Este artículo propone un marco metodológico integrado para medir la estacionalidad turística que combina las pernoctaciones en hoteles y en alojamientos de corta estancia ofrecidos en plataformas digitales (incluidas las viviendas de uso turístico). La metodología se aplica en cuatro fases: (i) factores estacionales para perfilar la distribución mensual, ratio máximo/mínimo e índice de Gini para cuantificar la concentración anual, (iii) descomposición aditiva del índice de Gini para estimar los efectos marginales relativos por mercado, y (iv) descomposición doble del índice de Gini según el tipo de alojamiento y el origen de los viajeros. La aplicación empírica a seis destinos andaluces muestra que el ratio máximo/mínimo y el índice de Gini ofrecen resultados similares. El marco propuesto constituye una metodología flexible que puede aplicarse a distintos niveles: el ratio máximo/mínimo es ideal para informes públicos y paneles de control, mientras que el índice de Gini y sus descomposiciones simple y doble son más adecuados para el análisis comparativo, la evaluación de políticas y el diseño de estrategias para reducir la estacionalidad, ya que facilita la identificación de mercados con mayor potencial de desestacionalización.