TORRES, Carlos Alberto. The place of diversities and citizenships in the Sociology of Education. []. , 20, 1, pp.07-45. ISSN 0871-9187.

Citizenship presents some dilemmas in a democratic, diverse and multicultural society that we can think about: citizenship theories have been advanced in the tradition of occidental political theory by white heterosexual men that identified a homogenised citizenship through a systematic process of exclusion, in this way bypassing inclusion process in political organization. The multifaceted missions that multiculturalism must confront and the concrete political experience of eighties and nineties have implied that their different partisans have been unable to approach the need for a theory of multicultural citizenship to make advance the democratic goals in the context of theories of democracy. Public education must facilitate education and learning for children, young people and adults. That constitutes another practical motive for us to periodically review theoretical relationships between state, education, citizenship, democracy and multiculturalism.

: Multicultural citizenship; Identity; New social movements; Democracy and education.

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