NINA, Susana Rogeiro    PRADO, Ana Luísa. The 2019 European elections in Spain: a second round to Generales?. []. , 64, pp.33-49. ISSN 1645-9199.  https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2019.64a03.

The eighth European Parliament (EP) election in Spain was held in a socially and politically turbulent time. The campaign was dominated by national issues, which seems to fit in the second-order election theory. Yet, the electoral behaviour patterns raise some questions about the suitability of this model's predictions. On the one hand, the electoral turnout had a significant rise, even though lower than in the previous national election; on the other hand, the election was won by the newly elected PSOE with no punishment while the PP achieved slightly better results than those of the parliamentary elections. Broadly speaking, one could argue that the 2019 ep elections in Spain were first and foremost a second round of the April legislative election.

: Spain; European elections; electoral campaign; second-order elections.

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