KOCAK, Canberk. Normalization of relations between the United States and Cuba. The role of lobbies and the White House. []. , 72, pp.63-75.   31--2021. ISSN 1645-9199.  https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2021.72a04.

The simultaneous statements by Presidents Barack Obama and Raul Castro in December 2014 altered the direction of relations between the US and Cuba, paving the way for normalization. The academic literature focused on the pressure from international actors on Washington to end the embargo, the historical cooperation between the two countries, the socio-economic transformation of the Cuban-American community, the emergence of corporate lobbyists alongside their allied congressmen, and Barack Obama’s arrival at the White House, as the determinant factors of change in US policy toward Cuba. This work focuses on the role and interactions of US domestic actors in foreign policy from a historical perspective.

: US foreign policy; normalization; interest groups; Cuba.

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