MILHANO, João Coutinho    PINTO, Luísa. Smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy - State of the art. []. , 14, 2, pp.83-92. ISSN 1646-5830.

Smoking is the leading avoidable cause of adverse outcomes in pregnancy. Smoking cessation has been clearly associated with health benefits to both mother and foetus. However, only a minority of smokers will cease. Healthcare professionals’ guided interventions could be a critical step in prenatal smoking cessation, requiring knowledge in the management of non-pharmacological and pharmacological techniques. The data from available trials has not yet succeeded to assess the safety and effectiveness of pharmacological methods in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Thus, the recommendations support preferably the use of non-pharmacological strategies.

: Smoking; Pregnancy; Smoking cessation.

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