Background:

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is more prevalent in the first years of life and the only treatment is a cow’s milk exclusion diet.

Objective:

to carry out a review study on the food intake and nutritional status of children on a diet excluding cow’s milk and derivatives and their potential nutritional risks.

Material and Methods:

Review based on the PRISMA recommendation, using the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases, in search of original articles conducted with children under 5 years of age on a diet excluding cow’s milk and dairy products.

Results:

441 articles were identified, of which 18 were included in the study. It was observed that children on a diet excluding cow’s milk proteins, when compared to the control group, may have a lower intake of macro and micronutrients, lower mean z-scores for height for age, weight for age, weight for height and BMI for age, as well as being overweight and obese, in addition to eating disorders.

Conclusion:

During the management of CMPA, monitoring by a doctor and nutritionist is essential to toguarantee adequate growth and development.

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