Identidade social, auto-estima e resultados escolares

 

Jorge Senos (*)

 

RESUMO

A existência de uma associação positiva entre a auto-estima e os resultados escolares, bem como a identificação de estratégias de manutenção da autoestima perante o insucesso escolar, constituem matéria de crescente importância no domínio da psicologia educacional.

Neste estudo pretende-se verificar, na linha teórica da identidade social, a mobilização de uma estratégia de protecção da auto-estima perante o insucesso escolar, centrada na dinâmica social do grupo de pares, nu-m escalão etário em que existe uma tendência para uma mais estreita afiliação de pares, enquanto as influências familiares e parentais tendem a diminuir.

No quadro deste objectivo, postula-se que os alunos com mais fraco rendimento académico tenderão a for-mar grupos de pares de rendimento contrastado, exibindo uma auto-estima com valores idênticos aos dos alunos com melhor rendimento académico, piores expectativas e uma atitude negativa face ao trabalho escolar.

 

Palavras-chave: Auto-Estima, Auto-Conceito, Identidade Social.

 

 

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to establish the onset of protective strategies of maintenance of Self-Esteem after school failure, following the theoretical approach of social identity, among 6th grade pupils enrolled in a public school. The data analysis conducted within this study shows that pupils with repeated school failure develop social relations among their peers which exhibit the some Self-Esteem values, poorer expectancies and a poorer attitude toward school and school work when comparing with high achievers.

 

Key words: Self-Esteem, Self-Concept, Social Identity.

 

 

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(*) Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada. E-mail: js@psi.ispa.pt