As consequências psicológicas da hospitalização infantil: Prevenção e controlo

 

Luísa Barros (*)

 

RESUMO

A investigação sobre as consequências psicológicas da hospitalização infantil começou por ser essencialmente um campo de estudo sobre as perturbações da vinculação. A alteração das condições de hospitalização nos serviços de pediatria, e os novos paradigmas de investigação sobre as perturbações do desenvolvimento, contribuíram para uma importante evolução no estudo deste tipo de situação, que é hoje sobretudo relevante para a compreensão dos processos de confronto infantil e familiar com as situações de ansiedade.

Neste trabalho, a partir de uma análise da literatura sobre a hospitalização pediátrica, propõe-se um conjunto de estratégias com vista a prevenir e remediar as sequelas psicológicas e psicopatológicas desta experiência stressante, enfatizando-se o papel do psicólogo de pediatria.

Palavras-chave: Hospitalização, crianças, pais, desenvolvimento, ansiedade, confronto.

 

ABSTRACT

Initially, the research on the psychological consequences of children's hospitalization has been characterized by the importance of the study of attachment and its disturbances. With the change in the conditions of pediatric services, and the introduction of new paradigms in the study of developmental disturbances, there has been an important evolution in this field. Nowadays, it is mainly a field specially appropriate to study the processes of child and family anxiety and coping.

This paper begins with a discussion of the literature on children's hospitalization, to propose a set of interventions which aim to prevent and remediate the psychological consequences of this stressfull experience. A special attention is given to the role of the pediatric psychologist.

Key words: Hospitalization, children, parents, development, anxiety, coping.

 

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