Desenvolvimento do auto-conceito físico nas crianças e nos adolescentes

 

 

LUÍSA FARIA (*)

 

 

RESUMO

O aumento dos estudos sobre o auto-conceito, nos mais variados domínios da existência, entre eles o desportivo, está relacionado com o seu valor e o seu poder preditivo da realização e do bem-estar psicológico global dos indivíduos. Assim, com o objectivo de contribuir para uma maior clarificação do domínio de investigação e de intervenção no auto-conceito físico, analisam-se e discutem-se os seguintes tópicos: (1) o problema da definição e da delimitação conceptual do auto-conceito; (2) os aspectos desenvolvimentais do auto-conceito na transição da infância para a adolescência; (3) a definição e o desenvolvimento do auto-conceito físico; (4) os contributos da actividade física para a sua promoção; (5) a construção de teorias pessoais acerca do self físico; e, por fim, (6) são apresentadas propostas de intervenção para a promoção do auto-conceito em crianças e adolescentes, centradas na construção progressiva da autonomia dos indivíduos, logo, do seu bem-estar físico, psicológico e social.

Palavras-chave: Auto-conceito físico, teorias pessoais, infância, adolescência.

 

 

ABSTRACT

The increasing number of studies on self-concept in several contexts such as the sport one is related to its relevance and predictive power of individuals’ global psychological well-being. Therefore, in this article, with the aim of contributing to a major clarification of the research and of the intervention in the physical self-concept domain, the following topics are analyzed and discussed: (1) the problem of self-concept’s definition and conceptual delimitation; (2) the self-concept developmental aspects during the transition from childhood to adolescence; (3) the definition and development of physical self-concept; (4) the contributions of physical activity to the promotion of self-concept; (5) the construction of personal theories about the physical self; and, finally, (6) the main guidelines for intervention in order to promote children and adolescents self-concept, centered on the progressive construction of individuals’ autonomy, consequently on their physical, psychological and social well-being.

Key words: physical self-concept, personal theories, childhood, adolescence.

 

 

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(*) Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto. E-mail: lfaria@fpce.up.pt