O comportamento alimentar em crianças: Estudo de validação de um questionário numa amostra portuguesa (CEBQ)

 

Victor Viana (*)

Susana Sinde (**)

 

RESUMO

Esta investigação teve por objectivo estudar a validade do Questionário do Comportamento Alimentar da Criança numa amostra portuguesa. Os participantes foram 249 sujeitos dos dois sexos, com idades entre 3 e 13 anos. A estrutura factorial original do CEBQ foi reproduzida, embora de modo imperfeito. O resultado da análise factorial juntamente os resultados das análises da homogeneidade e da consistência interna permitiram confirmar, nesta amostra, o constructo que sustenta o questionário. Também o conceito de obesidade infantil, subjacente ao questionário, se revelou adequado. A distribuição dos resultados das diversas escalas por categorias de IMC demonstra que o CEBQ é sensível às diferenças de estilo alimentar entre os sujeitos com baixo peso, eutróficos, com excesso de peso, e obesos. Mesmo tendo em conta que a amostra usada neste estudo não era representativa, conclui-se que o instrumento é adequado ao estudo do comportamento e estilo alimentar nas crianças portuguesas, pode ainda ser utilizado na planificação de estratégias comportamentais de intervenção na obesidade.

Palavras-chave: Comportamento alimentar, estilo alimentar, obesidade infantil.

 

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to validate de Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) in a Portuguese sample. Participants were 249 subjects aged 3 to 13 years, from both gender. Factor analysis, Homogeneity analysis and Internal reliability, as the theory beyond proposed, confirmed a structure with eight factors that were: Enjoyment of food, Food responsiveness, Satiety responsiveness, Slowness in eating, Fussiness, Emotional overeating, Emotional undereating and Desire to drink. The distribution of the results of the eight sub scales by groups of subjects organized by BMI types, classified as under weight, normal weight, over weight and obese, shows that the questionnaire can successfully discriminate those groups. In spite of the lack of representativeness of the sample selected for this study, conclusions are that CEBQ seems to be adequate to the research of eating behaviour and eating style in the Portuguese young population, and can be used to design behavioural interventions in obese children.

Key words: Eating behaviour, eating style, infant obesity.

 

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(*) Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto (FCNAUP), Departamento de Pediatria do Hospital S. João – Porto. E-mail: victorviana@fcna.up.pt

(**) Aministração Regional de Saúde do Norte, I.P..