Paralisia Facial Periférica Diagnóstico, Tratamento e Orientação

 

Tiago Correia¹, M. João Sampaio², Rui Almeida³, Cristina Garrido³

¹ Interno Complementar de Pediatria, CHPorto

² Interno Complementar de Pediatria, CH Tâmega e Sousa

³ Assistente Hospitalar, CH Tâmega e Sousa

Correspondência

 

RESUMO

A paralisia facial periférica (PFP) é frequente em idade pediátrica. Inerente à sua designação existe um conceito anatómico que pressupõe a localização da lesão distalmente aos núcleos do sétimo nervo craniano. Contudo, define-se melhor pela clínica, consistindo na parésia dos músculos da mímica facial da hemiface ipsilateral à lesão, associada ou não a hiperacúsia, xeroftalmia e perda do paladar nos dois terços anteriores da língua. As principais causas médicas são a PFP idiopática ou de Bell (65%) e o Herpes Zoster Ótico (12%). Em áreas endémicas, também a doença de Lyme pode ter um papel relevante.

Sendo um tema de consensos difíceis, os autores apresentam uma revisão da literatura e propõem um protocolo de actuação na perspectiva do diagnóstico, tratamento e orientação.

Palavras-chave: Paralisia Facial Periférica, Paralisia de Bell, Herpes Zoster Ótico

 

Peripheral facial palsy – diagnosis, treatment and follow up

ABSTRACT

Facial palsy (FP) is a common disorder in children. It is caused by an aggression to the seventh cranial nerve distally to its emergence from the pons. The best way to define FP is by its clinical manifestations: paralisis of the muscles of the ipsilateral side of the face with or without hyperacusis, decreased production of tears, and loss of taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The most common medical causes are idiopathic FP, also known as Bell’s palsy (65%) and herpes zoster oticus (12%). In endemic areas, Lyme disease is also an important etiology.

As this is a controversial subject, the authors present a review of the most recent literature and propose a protocol to guide diagnosis, treatment and follow up.

Keywords: Facial nerve palsy, Bell Palsy, Herpes Zoster oticus

 

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CORRESPONDÊNCIA

Tiago Correia

Serviço de Pediatria Hospital Geral de Santo António, EPE

Largo do Professor Abel Salazar

4099-001 Porto

Tel: 222 077 500

tiagojvcorreia@iol.pt