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Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia
versão impressa ISSN 0873-2159
Rev Port Pneumol v.12 n.4 Lisboa jul. 2006
Non small cell lung cancer Comparison between clinical and pathological staging
G Fernandes1
M Sucena2
E Lombardia2
A Machado2
Resumo
O estadiamento do cancro do pulmão (CP) permanece um desafio clínico, sendo fundamental para estabelecer o prognóstico e a terapêutica da doença. É reconhecido que o tratamento cirúrgico do cancro de pulmão de não pequenas células (CPNPC) constitui a única estratégia com potencial curativo. Neste âmbito, pretende-se, com o estadiamento, seleccionar correctamente os doentes que beneficiarão de cirurgia, evitando submeter doentes inoperáveis a cirurgias desnecessárias e, simultaneamente, não excluindo doentes com lesões potencialmente ressecáveis. O objectivo principal deste estudo foi comparar o estadiamento TNM clínico (TNMc) com o estadiamento TNM anatomopatológico (TNMp) e avaliar aspectos do diagnóstico, tratamento e sobrevida dos doentes. Consistiu num estudo retrospectivo de doentes com CPNPC ou com lesões altamente suspeitas, submetidos a cirurgia, seguidos na Consulta de Pneumologia Oncológica do Hospital de São João, de Janeiro de
Em conclusão, o estadiamento clínico revelou-se menos rigoroso, apesar de não ter condicionado importante alteração na estratégia terapêutica nem na sobrevida. No futuro, será necessário considerar outros meios de estadiamento, bem como factores biológicos, para além dos anatómicos actualmente usados.
Palavras-chave: Cancro do pulmão, estadiamento clínico, estadiamento patológico.
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) staging remains a clinical challenge as it determines the diseases prognosis and treatment. Surgery is the best option for controlling non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the only potential cure. In this setting, lung cancer staging helps select patients who will benefit from surgery, excluding inoperable patients and including patients with resectable lesions. The aim of this study is to compare clinical staging (TNMc) with pathological staging (TNMp) and to evaluate diagnosis, complementary treatment and survival of these patients. This is a retrospective study that included patients with non-small cell lung cancer or with highly suspicious lesions who had undergone surgery and were followed up in the Hospital de São João lung cancer unit between January 1999 and December 2003. It is based on clinical files and pathology reports. 73.3% of this group of 60 patients were male, with median age 59.2 years. The most frequent TNMc stages were 41.7% T1N0M0 and 36.7% T2N0M0. Thoracotomy for therapeutic purpose was performed in 80% and thoracotomy for diagnostic purpose also in the remaining 20%. In 6.7% the resection was incomplete. The most frequent TNMp stages were T2N0p in 33.3%, T2N1p in 15.0% and T2N2p in 13.3%. There was a significant difference between the two staging types, with upstaging in 65.0%, down staging in 67% and only 28.3% keeping the same stage. The most frequent differences were from T1N0c to T2N0p and from T2N0c to T2N1p. The global agreement between both staging methods was 21.7%. Median global survival was 43 months.
In conclusion, while clinical staging was less accurate, it did not determine important changes in therapeutic strategy and survival. For the future, we should consider using other diagnostic tools and other biological factors to complement the anatomical information that we currently use.
Key-words: Lung cancer, clinical staging, pathological staging.
Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.
Full text only available in PDF format.
Bibliografia/Bibliography
1. Mountain CF. Revisions in the international system for staging lung cancer Chest 1997; 111:1710-7. [ Links ]
2. Spiro S. Management of lung cancer. Remains surgery for cure of non-small cell and chemotherapy for small cell type. BMJ 1990; 301:1287-8.
3. Damhuis AM, Schutte PR. Resection rates and postoperative mortality in 7899 patients with lung cancer. Eur Resp J 1996; 9:7-10.
1 Interna Complementar de Pneumologia / Complementary Pulmonology Intern
2 Assistente Hospitalar de Pneumologia / Hospital Assistant, Pulmonology Graduate
3 Assistente Hospitalar Graduado de Pneumologia / Hospital Assistant, Pulmonology Graduate
4 Professor Auxiliar de Medicina da Faculdade de Medicina / Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medical School
5 Professor Associado de Medicina da Faculdade de Medicina / Associate Professor of Medicine, Medical School
Recebido para publicação/received for publication: 05.09.05
Aceite para publicação/accepted for publication: 06.04.26