Consumo de substâncias na adolescência: um modelo explicativo

Celeste Simões^*1, Margarida Gaspar de Matos¹, & Joan Batista-Foguet²

¹ Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Portugal

² ESADE BS / Universidade Ramon Lull, Barcelona, Espanha

 

 

Resumo: A adolescência é geralmente considerada como um período de saúde, dada a menor vulnerabilidade dos jovens à doença. No entanto, a adolescência é também um período crítico na cronologia da saúde. Muitas das escolhas com impacto na saúde, e que perduram por longo tempo, são feitas neste período de vida. Dentro destas escolhas encontra-se, por exemplo, o consumo de substâncias que está frequentemente associado a vários sintomas de mal-estar, quer no presente, quer no futuro. Com o objectivo de conhecer os factores aliados ao consumo de substâncias desenvolveu-se um modelo explicativo deste tipo de comportamento. Os dados utilizados na análise deste modelo fazem parte do estudo da Organização Mundial de Saúde, integrado na Rede Europeia “Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC/OMS)”, realizado em Portugal Continental pela equipa do Projecto Aventura Social da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana (n=12881). Os resultados mostraram que o consumo de substâncias é determinado por vários factores, sendo que os factores de ordem social parecem ser mediados por factores de ordem pessoal.

Palavras chave: Adolescência, Consumo de substâncias, Prevenção, Protecção, Risco.

 

Substance use in adolescence: a model

Abstract: Adolescence is generally considered as a period of health, given the lesser vulnerability of young people to illness. However, adolescence is also a critical period in health chronology. Many of the choices with impact in health that last for long time are made in this period of life. Between these choices are the risk behaviours, as it is, for example, the case of the substance use, which is associated to some symptoms of maladjustment. In order to analyse the factors involved in the use of tobacco, alcohol and illicit dugs between adolescents, we develop an explanatory model. The data used in the model analysis are part of a cross-national research study conducted in collaboration with the WHO Regional Office for Europe, the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children, by the “Social Adventure” team from the Faculty of Human Kinetics (n=12881). The results showed that risk behaviors are determined by several factors, and the social factors seem to be mediated by personal factors.

Key words: Adolescence, Substance use, Prevention, Protection, Risk.

 

 

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^* Contactar para E-mail: csimoes@fmh.utl.pt

Recebido em 23 de Março de 2006 / aceite em 20 de Setembro de 2006