Percepção da experiência de parto: continuidade e mudança ao longo do pós-parto*

Ana Conde¹, Bárbara Figueiredo^**1, Raquel Costa¹,Alexandra Pacheco¹, & Álvaro Pais²

¹Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade do Minho

²Serviço de Anesteseologia da Maternidade Júlio Dinis, Porto

 

RESUMO: O parto é, geralmente, uma experiência difícil; o modo como a experiência é recordada ao longo do pós-parto pode interferir no estado de humor e disposição da mulher para engravidar de novo. Objectivos: O objectivo deste estudo é explorar a continuidade e a mudança na percepção da experiência de parto ao longo dos primeiros seis meses do puerpério, em relação com o tipo de parto. Método: Uma amostra de 306 mulheres, recrutadas na Maternidade de Júlio Dinis (Porto), preencheu o “Questionário de Experiência e Satisfação com o Parto” (QESP, Costa, Figueiredo, Pacheco, & Pais, 2004) nas primeiras 48 horas e ao 3º e 6º mês do pós-parto. Resultados: Os resultados revelam mudanças no sentido de uma percepção mais positiva da experiência de parto entre o pós-parto imediato e o 6º mês do puerpério, pautada pela progressiva recordação da vivência de: mais emoções positivas, menos emoções negativas e menor preocupação durante o parto. A ocorrência destas mudanças positivas associa-se ao tipo de parto, sendo particularmente visível nos partos eutócitos com analgesia epidural e cesariana com anestesia geral. Conclusão: A construção de uma percepção mais positiva da experiência de parto pode ser uma tarefa desenvolvimental relevante do puerpério e parece ser mais consistente nos partos eutócitos com analgesia epidural e cesariana com anestesia geral.

Palavras chave: Analgesia de parto, Percepção da experiência de parto

 

 

Perception of childbirth experience: continuity and change over the postpartum period

ABSTRACT: The delivery is an experience perceived as difficult by most mothers; the way mothers remember this experience during the early postpartum months can interfere in their mood and predisposition to get pregnant again. Aims: The main aim of this study is to explore continuities and changes in the perception of the childbirth experience throughout the first six postpartum months, and relating them to the type of delivery. Method: A sample of 306 pregnant women, recruited at the Júlio Dinis Maternity Hospital (Oporto, Portugal), filled in the “Childbirth Experience and Satisfaction Questionnaire” (QESP, Costa, Figueiredo, Pacheco, & Pais, 2004) in the first 48 hours after delivery, 3rd and 6th postpartum months. Results: Results showed changes in the perception of childbirth experience in a positive way between 48 hours after delivery and the 6th postpartum month. At this moment, women perceived their childbirth experience with more positive emotions, less negative emotions and fewer worries during delivery. The occurrence of these positive changes is associated to the type of delivery, being especially clear in normal deliveries with epidural analgesia and in cesarean with general anaesthetic. Conclusions: The construction of a more positive perception of childbirth experience can be a relevant postpartum developmental task, more consistent in normal deliveries with epidural analgesia and in caesarean with general anaesthetic.

Key words: Obstetric analgesia, Perception of childbirth experience

 

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*Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o apoio do Serviço de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.

^** Contactar para E-mail: bbfi@iep.uminho.pt

Recebido em 5 de Maio de 2006 / aceite em 20 de Dezembro de 2006