Doença crónica na criança: factores familiares e qualidade de vida

V. Viana^*, M.C. Barbosa, & J. Guimarães

Departamento de Pediatria do Hospital S. João do Porto;

Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto;

Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte;

Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto

 

RESUMO: A maneira como a criança e a família enfrentam a doença crónica está associada a factores da organização e interacção familiar. Neste trabalho é descrito o “modelo da família psicossomática”. Inicialmente criado para explicar como factores familiares interferiam com doenças com componente psicossomática, foi posterior-mente generalizado para situações diversas de doença crónica na família, especial-mente quando o doente é uma criança. Neste modelo, o desencadear dos sintomas é considerado um mecanismo regulador do sistema familiar quando este se mostra disfuncional, o que tem um impacto negativo na qualidade de vida do doente e família. Descrevem-se os objectivos da intervenção familiar estrutural adaptada a estas situações. São apresentados três casos de crianças com doença crónica que ilustram alguns aspectos anteriormente descritos.

Palavras chave: Doença crónica, Família psicossomática, Interacção familiar

 

Chronic disease in children familiar factors and quality of life

ABSTRACT: In this paper the “psychosomatic family model” is described. The model, that was in the first place proposed to explain the occurrence and course of a psychosomatic disease in children, was then generalized to situations in which a chronic disease develops in children. In the model symptoms may function as a mechanism of regulation of the family system in cases that the family as a dysfunctional organization with a negative influence in patient and family quality of life. Objectives of structural family intervention in this context are described. The author presents three cases where some of the factors described previously are exemplified.

Key words: Chronic disease, Family interaction, Psychosomatic family

 

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