Personalidade de atletas brasileiros de alto-rendimento: comparações entre os sexos masculino e feminino e correlação com nível de performance e tempo de treinamento.

 

Maurício B. Filho^1*

Luiz S. Ribeiro²

Félix G. García³

 

¹ Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil.

² Infoteste do Brasil.

³ Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Espanha.

 

 

RESUMO

Foi objetivo deste estudo avaliar as características da personalidade de atletas brasileiros de alto-rendimento, comparando as semelhanças e diferenças existentes entre indivíduos de ambos os sexos, assim como estabelecer correlações entre as variáveis psicológicas, níveis de performance e tempo de treinamento dos atletas. A amostra se constituiu de duzentos e nove atletas brasileiros (108 homens e 101 mulheres) de quatro modalidades esportivas (voleibol, basquete, judô e natação). Como instrumento para o estudo da personalidade, utilizou-se o Inventário de Personalidade de Freiburg (FPI-R). Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre atletas homens e mulheres (p<0,05) em seis das doze variáveis do estudo: auto-realização, agressividade, inibição, irritabilidade, queixas físicas e emotividade. No entanto, esse comportamento não se repetiu quando a amostra foi subdividida por modalidades esportivas. As correlações encontradas entre as variáveis psicológicas do estudo e o tempo de treinamento (-0,234 < r < 0,034) e o nível de performance (-0,202< r < 0,043) dos atletas não foram estatisticamente significativas (p>0,05). Em conclusão, os atletas brasileiros homens e mulheres de alto-rendimento, de uma maneira geral, apresentam diferenças nas características da personalidade. No entanto, quando os subgrupos foram separados e analisados de acordo com sua modalidade, não se observou uma quantidade significativa de diferenças entre atletas dos sexos masculino e feminino. As variáveis tempo de treinamento e nível de performance apresentaram correlações fracas com as variáveis de personalidade, porém sugere-se a realização de futuros estudos para aprofundar este tema.

Palavras-chave: personalidade, atletas brasileiros, gênero, performance, tempo de treinamento, FPI.

 

ABSTRACT

Personality of Brazilian high-level athletes: comparison between men and women and correlation with performance level and training years.

This study aimed at (i) evaluating the personality characteristics of Brazilian high-level athletes, verifying similarities and differences among individuals from both gender and (ii) correlating psychological variables with performance level and training years. We sampled two hundred and nine athletes (108 men and 101 women) from four sports (volleyball, basketball, judo and swimming). The FPI-R (Freiburg Personality Inventory) was used to evaluate personality characteristics of the subjects. Statistical significant differences (p<0,05) were found between Brazilian high-level male and female athletes in six out of twelve study variables: Life Satisfaction, Aggressiveness, Inhibition, Irritability, Physical Complaints and Emotionality. However, this tendency was not found when the sample was divided by the respective sports. The correlation found among the psychological variables and athletes training years (-0,234 < r < 0,034) and performance level (-0,202< r < 0,043) was not statistically significant (p>0,05). In conclusion: Men and women Brazilian high-level athletes, in general, presented differences in the personality characteristics. However, when divided and analyzed by their sports, it was not observed a significant difference between athletes from both sexes. Training years and performance level presented weak correlation when with the personality factors, but we suggest that more studies must be done to improve this topic.

Key Words: personality, Brazilian athletes, gender, performance, training years, FPI.

 

 

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CORRESPONDÊNCIA

Maurício Gattás Bara Filho*

Rua São Sebastião, 1295/901

Juiz de Fora – MG

36015-410 Brasil

mgbara@terra.com.br