Estudo de diversos conceitos de eficiência da locomoção humana no meio aquático

 

Tiago M. Barbosa¹

João P. Vilas-Boas²

¹ Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Educação

² Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto, Portugal.

 

RESUMO

Uma das áreas de interesse na linha fronteira entre a Biomecânica e a Fisiologia é o estudo da eficiência. Considera-se que a eficiência expressa uma relação objectiva e quantitativa entre o trabalho mecânico realizado e o gasto energético que se lhe encontra associado. O estudo da eficiência em actividades realizadas no meio aquático torna-se ainda mais complexo devido à dificuldade de quantificar objectivamente as trocas energéticas entre o nadador e o meio envolvente. No entanto, a Natação Pura Desportiva é uma das modalidades mais profícuas no estudo das suas implicações bioenergéticas e das repercussões em termos de eficiência dos diferentes processos de l ocomoção. Assim, foi objectivo do presente trabalho efectuar uma revisão do actual “estado da arte” sobre o estudo da locomoção humana no meio aquático, com especial referência às técnicas de nado.

Palavras-chave: eficiência, locomoção, meio aquático, natação.

 

ABSTRACT

Study of several efficiency concepts about human locomotion in aquatic environment

One of the major interests in the frontier between Biomechanics and Physiology is the study of efficiency. The efficiency expresses the relationship between the mechanical work and the related energy expenditure. The study of efficiency, in the water, becomes more complex due to difficulties in quantifying, with accuracy, the energetic exchanges between the swimmer and the environment. However, swimming is one of the most studied sports, in order to understand its bioenergetical implications and the efficiency’s repercussions of different locomotion processes. “State of the art” about human locomotion in water, with special reference to swimming techniques is thus presented.

Key Words: efficiency, locomotion, aquatic environment, swimming.

 

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CORRESPONDÊNCIA

Tiago Barbosa

Instituto Politécnico de Bragança

Departamento de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física

Campus de Sta. Apolónia

Apartado 1101

5301-856 Bragança

Portugal.

barbosa@ipb.pt