Análise das componentes da prova como ponto de partida para a definição de objectivos na natação na categoria de cadetes

 

António Silva^1,2

Filipa Silva¹

António Reis¹

Victor Reis¹

Daniel Marinho¹

André Carneiro¹

Felipe Aidar¹

¹Departamento de C. Desporto da Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; Vila Real, Portugal

²Centro de Estudos de Tecnologia, Ambiente e Vida, (CETAV), Vila Real, Portugal.

 

 

Resumo

Os objectivos do presente trabalho foram: (i) determinar as expressões preditivas para as diferentes variáveis cronométricas para os 400 e os 200 metros livres e para os 100 metros mariposa, costas, bruços e livres; por género e por prova; (ii) desenvolver normativas para cada uma das variáveis cronométricas estudadas, por género e por prova; (iii) operacionalizar um modelo para a definição de objectivos do processo, de acordo com os dois objectivos anteriores. Para o efeito, foram estudados 446 nadadores (230 do sexo feminino e 216 do sexo masculino) portugueses da categoria cadetes. Através da estatística dedutiva foi possível determinar os valores de A (declive) e de B (ordenada na origem), de forma a construir as equações de regressão lineares para o Tempo de Partida (TP), Tempo de Viragem (TV), Tempo de Chegada (TChg) e Tempo de Nado (TN), nas diferentes provas. As principais conclusões do estudo foram: (i) todas as variáveis cronométricas obtiveram relações estatisticamente significativas com o Tempo Total de Prova (TTP) e foram estabelecidas as respectivas expressões de predição de rendimento; (ii) com o aumento da distância de prova houve uma diminuição da importância relativa do TP e um aumento da importância relativa do TV; (iii) para a generalidade das provas estudadas, os nadadores do G5/G6 masculino são mais rápidos a partir, a virar e a chegar do que as nadadoras pertencentes ao G4/G5 feminino.

Palavras-chave: natação, análise cronométrica, definição de objectivos

 

 

Abstract

Chronometric analyses of swimming events in infantile swimmers: An objective model for goal setting

The aims of the present work were: (i) to determine for each gender predictive equations for the different chronometric variables in 400 and 200 m freestyle and in 100 m butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle; (ii) to develop models for each of the chronometric variables that were studied in the two genders; (iii) to construct an objective model for goal setting. For this purpose, 446 Portuguese swimmers (230 female and 216 male) belonging to the infant age group category were studied. Through deductive statistic procedures it was possible to determine linear regression equations to predict the Starting Time (ST), the Turning Time (TT), the Finishing Time (FT) and the Swimming Time (SwT) in each studied event. The major findings of this study were: (i) all the chronometric variables were significantly related to Total Race Time and the respective performance predictive equations were established; (ii) with the increase of the race distance a decrease in the relative importance of ST and an increase in the relative importance of TT were observed; (iii) to the majority of the studied events, male swimmers were faster to start, to turn and to finish than female swimmers.

Key-words: swimming, chronometric analyses, goal setting

 

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Correspondência

António José Silva

Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Departamento de Desporto

CIFOP

Rua Dr. Manuel Cardona

5000 Vila Real, Portugal

e-mail: ajsilva@utad.pt