Um estudo de genética quantitativa sobre agregação familiar na composição corporal de famílias nucleares portuguesas

 

Rogério C. Fermino

André Seabra

Rui Garganta

Alcibíades B. Valdivia

José Maia

 

Laboratório de Cineantropometria e Gabinete de Estatística Aplicada, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Portugal

 

 

RESUMO

Este estudo teve como objectivo (1) verificar a presença indirecta de transmissão vertical de factores genéticos entre progenitores e descendentes nos fenótipos da composição corporal e (2) estimar a contribuição dos factores genéticos responsáveis pela variação nos fenótipos da composição corporal em termos populacionais.

A amostra foi constituída por 363 indivíduos pertencentes a 107 famílias nucleares participantes do projecto FAMÍLIAS ACTIVAS. Os fenótipos da composição corporal foram avaliados com um aparelho de impedância bioeléctrica da marca Tanita^® modelo BC-418MA. Foi utilizado o software PEDSTATS para analisar o comportamento genérico das variáveis entre os diferentes membros da família. O cálculo das correlações entre familiares e as estimativas de heritabilidade foram realizados nos módulos FCOR e ASSOC do software de Epidemiologia Genética S.A.G.E. versão 5.3.

Os valores dos coeficientes de correlação entre os graus de parentesco foram baixos a moderados (-0,04≤ r ≤0,65). Os factores genéticos explicaram entre 35 a 46% da variação dos diferentes fenótipos da composição corporal, sendo a maior contribuição verificada para a quantidade absoluta de gordura corporal (43%) e a massa muscular (46%).

Estes resultados indicam uma forte agregação familiar na composição corporal nesta amostra de famílias nucleares portuguesas.

Palavras-Chave: agregação familiar, heritabilidade, composição corporal, epidemiologia genética, famílias nucleares.

 

 

ABSTRACT

A quantitative genetic study about familial aggregation in body composition of portuguese nuclear families

 This study aims (1) to verify the indirect presence of vertical transmission of genetic factors between parents and offspring and (2) to estimate the contribution of the genetic factors in the variance of different phenotypes describing body composition.

Sample size comprises 363 subjects from the 107 nuclear families participating in the project “FAMILIAS ACTIVAS”. Body composition phenotypes were measured with a bioelectric impedance device Tanita^® model BC-418MA.  PEDSTATS software was used to verify the structure of each family and to analyze the generic behavior of the phenotypes between the different members of the family. Familiar correlations and heritability estimates (h²) were computed in the FCOR and ASSOC modules of S.A.G.E. 5.3 software.

Correlation coefficients between relatives were low to moderate (-0,04≤ r ≤0,65). Genetic factors explained between 35-46% of different body composition phenotypes. The largest contributions were related to total body fat (43%) and lean body mass (46%)

These results showed an important familial aggregation in body composition values of Portuguese nuclear familiar samples.

Key-words: familial aggregation, heritability, body composition, Genetic Epidemiologic, nuclear families

 

 

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Agradecimentos

Gostaríamos de agradecer: (1) as sugestões dos revisores que melhoraram aspectos do texto; (2) a colaboração de Amélia Martins, João Vinagre, Rita Miranda, Ramon Lima, Sónia Vidal, Sílvio Saranga, Leonardo Nhantumbo, Simonete Silva e Renata Karine na recolha da informação.

 

CORRESPONDÊNCIA

José António Ribeiro Maia

Universidade do Porto – Faculdade de Desporto.

Laboratório de Cineantropometria e Gabinete de Estatística Aplicada.

Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91 – 4200-450

Porto – Portugal.

e-mail: jmaia@fade.up.pt