Abstract

OLIVEIRA, Elizabeth Santos de; JESUS, Andrêssa Pereira de  and  MARTINEZ, Romari Alejandra. Availability and access to healthy foods in the municipalities of the Ilhéus-Itabuna microrregion in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Finisterra [online]. 2021, n.118, pp.113-131.  Epub Dec 01, 2021. ISSN 0430-5027.  https://doi.org/10.18055/finis20943.

The difficulty in accessing nutritious and fresh food is a significant problem that affects a considerable portion of the population, preventing the adoption of an adequate and healthy diet. Therefore, this article aims to identify the relationship between the presence of food deserts and socioeconomic vulnerability in municipalities in the Ilhéus-Itabuna micro-region in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Data on the number of ultra-processed, mixed, and in natura establishments were used to identify deserts, swamps, and food oases. The classes of establishments received weights through the AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process) methodology and were processed by the Easy AHP plugin from QGis 2.8.9 to obtain the map of Food Deserts. For the analysis of the results, the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) were used, which served as a comparison tool between the municipalities with the greatest social vulnerability and those located in the regions of food deserts and swamps. The results showed that the places identified as food deserts or swamps corresponded directly to places that present a high social vulnerability index and a low human development index, while the regions of food oasis corresponded to cities with lower levels of vulnerability and greater human development.

Keywords : Food deserts; Analytical Hierarchical Process; poverty; South of Bahia.

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