Abstract

MARTINS, Marta; PEREIRA, Nádia; REIS, Rute  and  TOMAZ, Elza. Risk factors for recurrent wheezing after the first hospitalization for bronchiolitis. Rev Port Imunoalergologia [online]. 2015, vol.23, n.4, pp.223-230. ISSN 0871-9721.

Background: Acute bronchiolitis is a frequent pathology in the first months of life. Most of the children with bronchiolitis are treated in outpatient care, but some develop severe respiratory symptoms requiring hospitalization. Risk factors for severity as well as for wheezing recurrence remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to analyze the relevance of some intrinsic variables of the patient, environmental variables and the severity of the first episode of bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization with the recurrence of wheezing in the following 12 months. Methods: We made a review of clinical files belonging to 79 children under six months of age hospitalized by their first episode of bronchiolitis. The intrinsic variables analyzed were gender, age, race, weight at birth, prematurity and parental atopy. The environmental variables evaluated were breastfeeding, parental smoking, number of siblings and indoor pets. Evaluated as indicators of severity of bronchiolitis were the following hospital data: days of hospitalization, lowest peripheral oxygen saturation, therapeutics, viral etiology, complications and prophylactic treatment initiated and referral to specialist appointments. Data about the twelve months follow-up were collected from clinical files and complemented by interviews with the parents. The role of studied variables on wheezing recurrence was evaluated using the Multiple Regression Analysis. Results: Forty three per cent of children (n=34) repeated 1 to 3 episodes of wheezing and 9% of children (n=7) had recurrent wheezing (> 3 episodes of acute bronchiolitis). Children with atopic parents had higher number of recurrences (63%) than children with non-atopic parents (33%). Conclusions: From variables studied only parental atopy showed significant association with wheezing recurrence (p<0,01).

Keywords : Bronchiolitis; recurrent wheezing; risk factors.

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