Abstract

CANDIDO, Cristina et al. Pregnancy in renal transplanted patients: effects on the mother and the newborn - 29 years of experience in a single centre. Port J Nephrol Hypert [online]. 2015, vol.29, n.3, pp.228-235. ISSN 0872-0169.

Background: Chronic kidney disease causes decreased fertility. With kidney transplantation, fertility is restored within a few months. Objective: To analyse the feasibility of pregnancy with renal transplantation and its impact on renal function, complications in women and newborns. Methods: Retrospective study of pregnancies that occurred in kidney transplant recipients between 1985 and 2014 in one Transplantation Unit, with a follow-up of 12 months post-partum. Results: Eighteen pregnancies were included (one twin pregnancy) in 13 kidney transplant recipients with an average age of 31 years. Of these, 12 pregnancies progressed, five resulted in miscarriage and one in abortion. Only one pregnancy was complicated by gestational diabetes. There were two stillbirths (twin pregnancy). The average weight of 11 newborns was 2.6 kilograms. There was a significant decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate at 3 months post-partum [p < 0.05], but a year after delivery, the tendency was not maintained [p > 0.05]. Regarding proteinuria, the significant rise at 3 months was maintained until one year [p <0.05]. A significant increase in blood pressure was observed only on the 3rd trimester [p < 0.05], which did not maintain a year after delivery [p > 0.05]. In patients taking cyclosporine, a decrease in serum levels [p < 0.05] was found throughout the pregnancy. No rejection was detected, as well as graft failure during pregnancy or post-partum follow-up. Conclusion: Although the sample is limited, the number of miscarriages was higher than in the general population (24% versus 8 to 20%). The significant increase of the proteinuria throughout a year suggests a long-term increased risk of graft dysfunction. The decrease in serum cyclosporine levels during pregnancy implies a tighter monitoring of this parameter throughout this period

Keywords : Fertility; kidney transplantation; pregnancy.

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