Abstract

BRANDAO, Lúcia Meireles et al. Profiling and Case Study of Patients in a Diabetology Visit. Medicina Interna [online]. 2018, vol.25, n.2, pp.100-106. ISSN 0872-671X.  https://doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/original/253/2/2018.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the 21st century’s greatest challenges in health. The authors aimed to characterize a group of patients with DM and to analyze their vascular risk factors, metabolic profile, and the therapeutic strategies used. Material and Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 300 patients with DM who had been followed in Diabetology visits for three years were randomly included. Data were collected in the first and last visit in that period, using Sclínico®. Excel® and SPSS® were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The median age of the patients was 65 years, 61.7% were male, and 83.3% had been diagnosed with type 2 DM. During the analyzed period, the median hemoglobin A1C decreased from 8.2% to 7.2%, with a stable body-mass index, and the antidiabetic therapy was intensified. Regarding the remaining vascular risk factors, 72.7% of the patients had arterial hypertension, 62.7% had dyslipidemia, 42.7% were obese, 38.7% were sedentary, and 9.3% were smokers. Moreover, 83% of the patients had LDL> 70 mg/dL. The most common macrovascular complication was coronary heart disease (14.0%), the most frequent microvascular complication was nephropathy (30.7%) and globally, the median creatinine clearance was of 84.3 mL/min. The median global cardiovascular risk was high (27.7%), even though 77.0% of the patients were taking hypolipidemic drugs, 72.6% antihypertensive drugs, 41.3% anti-platelet aggregation drugs, and 4.0% oral anticoagulation drugs. Conclusion:The patients metabolic profile showed a favorable progression, with the intensification and adjustment of antidiabetic therapies playing an important role.

Keywords : Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Angiopathies; Dyslipidemias; Hypertension.

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