Resumo

FERNANDES, Luís. Do estereótipo à visão fenomenológica: análises sobre o “agarrado”. Toxicodependências [online]. 2011, vol.17, n.1, pp.17-31. ISSN 0874-4890.

This article proposes a confrontation between two visions about the addict: the one that is conveyed by the stereotypical “hooked” user, and the phenomenological one, proposed here from the ethnographic access to his experience. We begin by characterizing two types of thinking: the objectified and the constructivist, as ways to look at reality and explaining it, discussing the differences and similarities between common sense and science. Then we make a brief characterization of the concept of stereotype, in order to establish a theoretical framework for the exercise that will occupy the rest of the article. This exercise examines certain dimensions like the relationship between the figure of the “hooked” and the context of social exclusion, the notion of temporality or the ability/inability to achieve abstinence. Our conclusion is that we must not correct the stereotype of the “hooked” in the context of a more rigorous science, but, instead, to demonstrate how, between the two, there is a mutual feedback. The language we speak when adressing drug issues is the product fo a social constructrion in which we highlight the roles of common sense, the media and science, particularly the one that fits its production in the medico-psychological realm.

Palavras-chave : Stereotype; Drugs; Media; Ethnography.

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