Abstract

NHANTUMBO, Leonardo et al. Physical Fitness and Physical Activity in Africa: State of the Art. Rev. Port. Cien. Desp. [online]. 2006, vol.6, n.3, pp.373-390. ISSN 1645-0523.

The established link between physical fitness and health is based on epidemiological evidence about sedentary lifestyles associated with multiple factors of morbid conditions. In Africa, survival activities demanding a lot of energy expenditure and moderate to high levels of physical fitness are not correlated with sedentary and its co-morbidities. Due to this major reason, no special attention was given to the relationship between fitness and health. Yet, there has been an increased interest and research about physical fitness of African children and adolescents due to the fact the urbanization is increasing in small to big African cities, and its potentiality in reducing physical activity levels. Such a fact is becoming a concern of health authorities. The present literature review was conducted with the aim of synthesising the available information. Based on a data base search, we selected all indexed papers with Africa, physical activity and physical fitness. From this search, two main issues are at hand: (1) a discussion about the clear anthropobiological meaning of physical fitness and physical activity patterns of African population of different ages, ethnicity, and socio-economic strata with a special emphasis on environmental stress, nutritional status and infection; (2) the fact that physical fitness assessment and normalizing criteria to height are based on reference data from developed countries that pose cross-cultural validity problems.

Keywords : physical fitness; physical activity; Africa; public health; epidemiology.

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