Abstract

FERNANDES E FERNANDES, Ruy et al. Endovascular management of traumatic arterial injuries. Angiol Cir Vasc [online]. 2011, vol.7, n.1, pp.21-28. ISSN 1646-706X.

Introduction: Traumatic vascular injuries are present in less than 10% of patients with multi-organ trauma and, in western countries, the incidence of iatrogenic vascular lesions has been increasing. Conventional surgery in the approach of these lesions usually requires extended surgical exposure, presents increased technical challenges and has high morbidity and mortality. Recently, several authors have described the successful management of traumatic injuries with endovascular techniques with diminished surgical risk. Endovascular surgery has also been increasingly applied in management of chronic traumatic injuries like chronic post-traumatic thoracic aneurysms with significant improved outcomes. The authors present clinical cases with several acute and chronic traumatic vascular injuries treated with endovascular techniques, Clinical reports: Seven patients (21-77 years) with traumatic vascular injuries were treated. Four patients presented acute injuries: 1 case of traumatic aortic injury in a patient with multi-organ trauma after automobile crash; 1 case of iatrogenic subclavian artery rupture after inadvertent subclavian artery catheterization during attempted venous central access ; 1 case of iatrogenic renal artery rupture during renal angioplasty and stenting; 1 case of iatrogenic intra-renal arterio-venous fistula (AVF) after laparoscopic resection of a renal tumour. Three patients presented with chronic post-traumatic thoracic aneurysms. In the patients with arterial rupture endovascular exclusion with stentgrafts was performed and the renal AVF was managed with coil embolization. The chronic aortic aneurysms were managed with TEVAR with left subclavian artery exclusion and de-branching in two patients and TEVAR in one patient. Technical success was achieved in all patients. The patient with subclavian artery rupture was also submitted to lung decortication surgery for a organised hematoma, and the patient with the renal AVF presented with early recurrence of hematuria that was successfully managed with a endovascular re-intervention.

Keywords : vascular trauma; endovascular management.

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