Resumen

ASSIS, Mayara da Costa  y  FREITAS, Rodrigo Randow de. Analysis of practice in farming biosafety tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) in an estuarine region in southeastern Brazil. RGCI [online]. 2012, vol.12, n.4, pp.559-568. ISSN 1646-8872.

Biosafety is a term used to describe the measures taken to prevent, minimize or eliminate risks, aiming at the human health, animals, the preservation of the environment and quality of results. Biosafety in aquaculture goes exactly in the context of creating barriers to protect fish from diseases. In the case of fish, the efficient use of biosafety practices is with the design and implementation of specific protocols, aimed to protect each production unit, region or even a country. Although notoriously polluting the effects of farming activities are usually ignored, the total amount of waste from aquatic farms, and their impact on development activity are rarely recognized, especially from the point of view of sustainability. Since the focus of management in aquaculture is due to the increase in productivity through increased production, with a view only a short-term economic viability. Thus, the present work was aimed at analyzing the biosafety practices that are developed in APESAM (Associação de Pescadores de São Mateus), comparing them with what is available in the literature and in cultures around the world. The present study was developed in the community of traditional fishermen called Pedra D’água, in São Mateus, ES, Brazil. The selection was based on the fact the community has a lack of economic, social and technological developments and also by the existence of a partnership with the University APESAM whose headquarters is located in that community. From a prior identification of the production process, through observation, interviews and literature search, we designed a questionnaire related to tilapia, a kind of fish, culture site. Data were collected between the months of May and July 2012, and interviewed members of the association who were on site. The results showed that the north of Espírito Santo despite its potential for the development of tilapia culture, has some deficiencies related to the use of best management practices, health and biosafety, which are among the main challenges for the expansion of this activity, as well as deficiencies related to technical assistance provided by the city by funding agencies and aquaculture.

Palabras clave : aquaculture; coastal management; traditional community; production process; fish farming.

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