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Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar

versão impressa ISSN 2182-5173

Resumo

TEIXEIRA, Joana; GOMES, Maria Miguel; GONCALVES, Marina  e  GOMES, Ana. Vaccination outside the national vaccination plan for children aged 2 to 4 years: factors associated with compliance from the perspectives of the pediatrician and the general practitioner. Rev Port Med Geral Fam [online]. 2016, vol.32, n.1, pp.16-28. ISSN 2182-5173.

Aims: We aim to know the factors associated with compliance with recommendations for vaccination of children outside the national vaccination plan among patients of general practitioners (GP) and pediatricians. Type of Study: Cross-sectional study. Local: Ruães Family Health Unit (Cávado I Group of Health Centres). Population: Children aged 2-4 years old and pediatricians and GP from Braga. Methods: Electronic health records of children were studied. A questionnaire was administered by telephone interview of parents or guardians from August 2014 to January 2015. We used an electronic questionnaire with online response by GP and pediatricians to evaluate GP and pediatricians' compliance with recommendations. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA), version 17.0 for Microsoft Windows®. Results: We selected a sample of 180 children, aged of 2-4 years old. Vaccination coverage against Streptococcus pneumoniae was 81.7%. There was no statistically significant association between unemployment of the parent or guardian and non-compliance vaccines outside the plan. We found higher rates of vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B and against hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the absence of economic difficulties (p value of Fisher=0.008 and p=0.046, respectively). Association between rotavirus vaccination and kindergarten attendance was statistically significant (p=0.029). There was also a statistically significant association between university-level education of the father or mother and rotavirus and hepatitis A vaccination. Vaccines outside the national plan were recommended by the family doctor in 46% of cases. Vaccination with vaccines outside the national plan was higher in children who were or had been followed by pediatrician (except flu vaccine). The sample of 30 GP and 30 pediatricians revealed that the most commonly recommended vaccine was that against Streptococcus pneumoniae. The order of importance attributed to vaccines was the same in both groups of professionals. The main reason for not recommending the Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine was its price. Discussion and conclusions: For most vaccines, unemployment and economic difficulties are not decisive factors in the decision not to vaccinate. This emphasizes the parents' role in vaccination. Measures are required to ensure a fair access to different vaccine options.

Palavras-chave : Vaccination; Extra-Portuguese Immunization Program; Noncompliance.

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