Abstract

CARVALHO, Tiago et al. Evaluation of isolated agents and antibiotic sensitivity profile in urine cultures carried out in the area of influence and surrounding region of the USF Barrinha - Esmoriz. Rev Port Med Geral Fam [online]. 2019, vol.35, n.5, pp.361-366. ISSN 2182-5173.  https://doi.org/10.32385/rpmgf.v35i5.12188.

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat, mainly due to its indiscriminate use. Urinary tract infections are the second most frequent in the community. Thus, we consider it is essential to monitor the antibiotic sensitivity profile in order to prescribe proper empirical therapy. This was the main objective of this work. We carried out an observational, descriptive, retrospective study. The laboratory results from urine cultures collected at several Unilabs Laboratory collecting points situated in our area of ​​influence, between 1^st July 2015 and 30^th June 2017, were assessed. With the provided data, antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated agents was evaluated in this population and a comparison between genders was performed (p<0.05). We obtained 6,584 urine cultures, 14.4% of which were positive. The female sex contributes to 74.3% of the positive results. The predominant strain was E. coli (61.03%), followed by K. pneumoniae (7.81%) and P. mirabilis (6.23%). Overall, the isolated agents were sensitive to cefixime in 92.5%, fosfomycin in 89.9%, nitrofurantoin in 82.9%, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in 82.9%. Regarding the female sex, we detected a sensitivity of the strains to cefixime of 95.52%, fosfomycin of 91.49%, moxifloxacin of 90.60% and cefuroxime of 89.15%. The sensitivity to nitrofurantoin was 84.08%. In relation to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin, the susceptibility of the strains was 85.74% and 85.8% respectively. Regarding the male gender, the cefixime sensitivity rate was 79.55%, levofloxacin was 79.37%, and fosfomycin 80.69%. We found lower sensitivity rates for females in all evaluable antibiotics, with the exception of cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, and ceftriaxone. The obtained data is in agreement with other studies and with the official recommendations from the Portuguese DGS attesting their suitability to our population. This type of work is essential to an individualized approach to UTIs based in our epidemiology data and constitutes a strong contribution to antibiotic resistance reduction effort.

Keywords : Urinary tract infections; Escherichia coli; Antibiotic resistance; Community; Empirical therapy; Antibiotic sensitivity; Urine cultures.

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