Abstract

CEBOLA, Joana Silva. Hyperthyroidism. Rev Port Med Geral Fam [online]. 2021, vol.37, n.1, pp.36-43.  Epub Jan 01, 2021. ISSN 2182-5173.  https://doi.org/10.32385/rpmgf.v37i1.12548.

Thyroid hormones influence almost all tissues and organs of the human body, having a regulatory role in many physiological functions. Despite multiple etiologies, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, toxic multinodular goiter. and toxic adenoma. The clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism can range from the asymptomatic state to the thyroid storm. When examining the patient with a diagnostic hypothesis of hyperthyroidism, a detailed clinical history, and objective examination should be performed, including evaluation of heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and body weight, and evaluation of the thyroid gland. Complementary diagnostic tests are selected based on the most probable etiological hypothesis. There are three options in the treatment of hyperthyroidism: antithyroid agents, radioactive iodine ablation, and surgery. It is essential to make a correct diagnosis of the etiology responsible for hyperthyroidism since the therapeutic approach depends on the etiology but also on the patient's age, symptoms, the existence of comorbidities, and personal preferences.

Keywords : Thyroid; Hyperthyroidism; Graves’ disease; Multinodular goiter; Antithyroid agents; Thyroid adenoma..

        · abstract in Portuguese     · text in Portuguese     · Portuguese ( pdf )