Abstract

COSTA, Maria João; TEIXEIRA, Paula  and  MOREIRA, Raquel. Food defense and food fraud in food chain integrity - brief review. Acta Port Nutr [online]. 2020, n.20, pp.38-43. ISSN 2183-5985.  https://doi.org/10.21011/apn.2020.2007.

The World Health Organization has identified intentional food contamination as one of the major threats to public health in the 21st century, which can affect substantially consumer health, society, the economy, politics, and national security. Food defense is recent in Portugal and its implementation has focused on companies holding references supported by the Global Food Safety Initiative. This paper aims to present the concepts of food defense, food fraud, and food protection, their contribution to the integrity of the food supply chain as well as the main recognized methodologies to respond to the subject. Food defense contributes to mitigating risks applicable to intentional contamination and food fraud. Some several methodologies and tools assist in the implementation of a food defense system, most of which are based on the HACCP system (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points). The implementation of food defense and food fraud prevention systems adds robustness and cohesion to the food supply chain; therefore, it is essential to raise the awareness of food professionals and food operators.

Keywords : Threat; Food defense; Food fraud; Food integrity; Vulnerability.

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