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Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição

versão On-line ISSN 2183-5985

Resumo

NOVAIS, Clara  e  MONTEIRO, Isabel. NUTRITIONAL THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS IN THE CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. Acta Port Nutr [online]. 2021, n.24, pp.32-36.  Epub 14-Jun-2021. ISSN 2183-5985.  https://doi.org/10.21011/apn.2021.2407.

INTRODUCTION:

Individualized Nutritional Therapy is, together with pharmacotherapy, a fundamental factor in the control of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Nutritional Therapy in adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus involves glycemic control, reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, weight reduction and/or prevention of weight gain, decreased drug use and increased quality of life.

OBJECTIVES:

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Nutritional Therapy in controlling type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults by assessing the evolution of glycemic profile and weight evolution.

METHODOLOGY:

Sociodemographic, analytical and anthropometric data were collected from 75 subjects with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus followed for 3 years at the Nutrition Consultation of a Primary Health Care Unit. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation. For the statistical study we used the Student t-test for normal variables and the Wilcoxon test for the remaining variables. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvements were observed in anthropometric assessement: weight (-0.8 kg) and Body Mass Index (-0.7 kg/m2) and glycemic profile: HbA1c (-0.6%) and fasting blood glucose (-21 mg/dl) after 3 months of Nutritional Therapy, as well as long-term: weight (-7.8 kg), Body Mass Index (-2.5 kg/m2) and fasting blood glucose (-28 mg/dl).

CONCLUSIONS:

Considering the significant improvements were observed in terms of weight evolution and glycemic profile 3 months after the onset of Nutritional Therapy and when the initial data were compared with those obtained at 3 years of Nutritional Therapy, it can be inferred that individualized Nutritional Therapy is effective in controlling type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, therefore, it should be available to all individuals with this diagnosis. Thus, it is important to make the population aware of its relevance and importance of its long-term maintenance, and managers to provide adequate ratios of Nutritionists in Primary Health Care.

Palavras-chave : Diabetes; Glycemic profile; Weight; Nutritional therapy.

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