New Potential Candidates for Redox Battery Using Liquid Ammoniates: Na⁺/Na and Ag⁺/Ag

 

Anne-Marie Gonçalves,^a* Pierre Tran-Van,^a) Guillaume Herlem,^b) Edith Kwa,^b) Bernard Fahys,^b) Michel Herlem^a)

 

^a) IREM-CNRS, Institut Lavoisier, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France

^b) LCMI, Université de Franche Comté, 16, route de Gray, La Bouloie, 25030 Besançon, France

 

Received 29 April 2005; accepted in revised form 19 October 2005

 

 

Abstract

Liquid ammoniates, which are highly conductive electrolyte (more than 100 mS.cm^-1 at 20 °C), are proposed as solvents for a redox battery working around room temperature, and up 80 °C. In the negative compartment, the anolyte is NaI · 3.3NH₃, and the Na⁺/Na couple is proposed. It is reversible, as determined by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling.

In the positive compartment, the catholyte NaI · 3.3NH₃ enriched in silver cations is proposed too. The cathodic material is merely this compound and the cathode is the silver metal. The couple Ag⁺/Ag is reversible too, as determined by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling.

Metallic sodium is extremely stable in this electrolyte; therefore NaI · 3.3NH₃ could be used in a redox battery of high energy density and high power density. The maximum working temperature, which is proposed, 70 °C, is lower than the melting point of sodium (98 °C), and avoids high pressures of ammonia.

Keywords: rhodium microparticles, electrocatalysis, carbon monoxide, formic acid, FTIR study.

 

 

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* Corresponding author. E-mail address: goncalve@chimie.uvsq.fr