Empresarialidade e empresário: Revisão da literatura

 

Anabela Dinis¹

Ana Maria Ussman¹

¹Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Gestão e Economia, Núcleo de Estudos em Ciências Empresariais

 

 

Resumo. Nas últimas décadas o entrepreneurship tem vindo a merecer uma crescente atenção por parte de investigadores provenientes de diversas áreas do conhecimento. Pretende-se com este artigo apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema de forma a evidenciar as diversas abordagens que daí resultaram. Para tal, discutiu-se o conceito e objecto de estudo do entrepreneurship, propondo-se a utilização do termo “empresarialidade” para designar esta área de estudo. Prossegue-se com a sistematização das diversas abordagens ao tema, particularmente das que se centram sobre o estudo do empresário: a abordagem económica – a primeira a surgir na literatura e que procura explicar a função do empresário na economia; a abordagem pessoal – centrada sobre as questões quem é o empresário e porquê inicia uma empresa; a abordagem comportamental – que procura dar resposta a o que faz o empresário; e a abordagem sócio-cultural – que procura compreender a influência dos factores contextuais que afectam a empresarialidade.

Palavras-chave: Entrepreneurship, empresarialidade, empresário.

 

Abstract. In the last decades entrepreneurship has become a subject of growing interest for researchers from different areas of knowledge. This paper presents an extensive bibliographic review which highlights the different approaches to entrepreneurship that result from its interdisciplinary nature. The entrepreneurship concept is discussed and the Portuguese term empresarialidade is proposed to refer to this area of knowledge. Then, the different approaches are presented and analysed, especially those focused on the entrepreneur: the economic approach which is concerned with the explanation of the entrepreneurs function in the economy; the personal approach ; which aims to answering the following questions: who is the entrepreneur? ; and why does he create a business?; the behavioural approach ; focused on the question ; what does the entrepreneur do? ; and the socio-cultural approach concerned with the understanding of contextual factors that influence entrepreneurship.

Key words: Entrepreneurship, entrepreneur.

 

 

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Endereço: Departamento de Gestão e Economia, Núcleo de Estudos em Ciências Empresariais, Universidade da Beira Interior.