Introduction

Nursing as a discipline, profession, and science of care, has presented a copious development in a relatively short time, thanks to the theoretical framework that has been built, because over the years it has become more corpulent, providing a powerful framework that guides the role and functions of nursing.

The first work considered as a theoretical source of nursing is attributed to Florence Nightingale, despite the fact that her objective was never to create a theoretical framework, her scientific contributions undoubtedly mean even today an orientation for the practice of nursing and related sciences, the origin of her theory is attributed to the publication of her book "Notes on nursing: What it is and what it is not" in 1859 (^{Nightingale, 1860}), since in it a wealth of knowledge associated with sanitary conditions is made known, which is why it is called "environmental theory".

It is pertinent to point out that some authors do not recognize Nightingale as the first theorist, however, she is considered the starting point for the development of the corpulent theoretical framework that the nursing profession enjoys today (^{Naranjo, 2020}).

A theoretical framework is the path that guides practice, predicts phenomena, and thus guides the work, each theory provides a different view on the concepts of the nursing metaparadigm, it should be noted that no theory is better than another, but rather there are theories that fit better to some situations than others, there is the importance of knowing them (^{Fawcett, 2017}).

Occupational nursing has an ancient origin (^{Topcu & Ardahan, 2019}), and its work has been highlighted with the passage of time, where nursing, through its monopoly of competence: "care management", has a predominant role in addressing the health of workers (^{Valencia-Contrera, 2022}a). Under the above premise, the present review protocol is developed, which responds to the objective of identify philosophies, theories, and conceptual models of nursing applied in occupational nursing, to facilitate and guide the use of theoretical frameworks in occupational nursing practice and research, as well as to distinguish developed areas and knowledge gaps.

1. Methods

There is currently a wide variety of types of secondary research, of which integrative reviews stand out, as they have been described as providing a comprehensive view of a topic, whose distinctive feature is the use of various data sources (^{Kutcher & LeBaron, 2022}).

This review protocol is structured in six stages (^{Toronto & Remington, 2020}): 1. Formulation of broad purpose and/or review question(s); 2. Systematic search and selection of literature using predetermined criteria; 3. Appraisal of quality of selected studies; 4. Analysis and synthesis of literature; 5. Discussion on new

knowledge; 6. Dissemination of findings.

To fulfill the first stage, the question was formulated: What nursing philosophies, theories or conceptual frameworks guide the work in occupational health? In the second stage, the different searches were organized in Spanish, English and Portuguese, using descriptors validated in the DeCS thesaurus and the Booleans "AND" and "OR", the search is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Descriptors and Booleans to be used in searches 

The databases used will be Web of Science (WoS), PUBMED (United States National Library of Medicine), SCOPUS, and Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). The search strategies and filters to be used in each database are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Search strategies and filters applied 

The inclusion criteria used will be articles in the three languages mentioned, published in the period 1966 to the review date, and that use a philosophy, theory, or conceptual model of nursing in the context of occupational health; exclusion criteria correspond to letters to the editor and editorials. The review flowchart is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 State of the art review flowchart 

Once the tentative sample is defined, the third stage "evaluation of the quality of selected studies" takes place, where the way in which the quality of the sample will be evaluated should be made transparent, for example through the scale of evaluation of articles with heterogeneous methodologies for integrative reviews (^{Valencia-Contrera & Orellana-Yañez, 2022}), whose application has presented indications that could improve the quality of the sample in integrative reviews (^{Valencia-Contrera, 2022}b).

Subsequently, it is recommended that documents that have successfully passed the quality filter be stored in public repositories and their generated DOI should be referenced, for example through Mendeley Data.

2. Results

In the fourth stage of the review, "literature analysis and synthesis", the results will be presented in narrative format, grouping the philosophies, theories and conceptual frameworks identified in the following categories: "nurse as worker"; "client as worker"; "environmental health". These categories were arbitrarily proposed by the present author and should be refined according to the results identified. Finally, the titles of the identified theoretical frameworks and their respective references are shown in Figure 2, as a proposal that allows the results to be organized and classified graphically, making access to them more practical.

Figure 2 Guidance in the selection of a theoretical framework 

Conclusion

The results identified will make it possible to respond to the stated objective, identifying theoretical frameworks that will facilitate their use through the presentation of these in an organized manner, so that each professional in nursing and related sciences can select the most suitable theoretical framework for the approach to health situations in occupational nursing, contributing to the excellent quality that nursing must have in the management of occupational health care. On the other hand, it will be possible to distinguish developed areas and knowledge gaps in occupational nursing, allowing to stimulate the development of those less addressed.