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Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto

versão impressa ISSN 1645-0523

Rev. Port. Cien. Desp. v.5 n.1 Porto jan. 2005

 

Potencial efeito preventivo e terapêutico da actividade física no síndrome do canal cárpico.

 

Vasco Neves1

José Duarte2*

 

1Escola Secundária Condes de Resende, Canelas, Portugal.

2Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física, Portugal.

 

RESUMO

O síndrome do canal cárpico (SCC) é a doença de sobrecarga relacionada com a actividade laboral que surge mais frequentemente, tendo a sua incidência aumentado exponencialmente nos últimos vinte anos (28). Os seus sintomas, atingindo pessoas com variadas ocupações e profissões, são extremamente limitativos para o indivíduo afectado, influenciando negativamente a sua vida profissional e pessoal (117). Por outro lado, o tratamento deste distúrbio musculo-esquelético é, frequentemente, moroso, oneroso e incompatível com as obrigações profissionais (27). Assim, a prevenção do SCC ocupa um lugar de destaque no combate a esta doença, podendo evitar todos os inconvenientes a ela associados. O objectivo deste trabalho consiste em efectuar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do SCC e obter dados que permitam esclarecer o papel da actividade física (AF) na sua prevenção primária e secundária. Desse modo, foram revistos os principais factores de risco para o aparecimento e desenvolvimento do SCC (destacando-se, entre outros, o elevado índice de massa corporal – IMC –, a idade acima dos 30 anos, as actividades manuais repetitivas e a diabetes mellitus – DM) e as principais intervenções preventivas, primárias e secundárias, sugeridas pela literatura. Verificou-se que as principais medidas preventivas são baseadas na minimização ou na anulação dos factores de risco da doença e que a AF foi pouco investigada enquanto potencial estratégia preventiva do SCC. Os estudos efectuados com o intuito de esclarecer a relação entre a AF e a prevenção do SCC são muito reduzidos e foram, maioritariamente, desenvolvidos recorrendo a amostras pouco numerosas. Contudo, numa revisão bibliográfica mais ampla, parece encontrar-se motivos que justifiquem, pelo menos, uma investigação mais aprofundada das potencialidades da actividade física na prevenção do SCC.

Palavras-chave: síndrome do canal cárpico, actividade física, factores de risco, prevenção.

 

ABSTRACT

Potential effect of physical activity on therapy and prevention of carpal tunnel syndrome.

The carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent work-related overuse disease, having its incidence increased exponentially in the last twenty years (28). The illness symptoms, reaching people with varied occupations and professions, are extremely limitative with a negative influence in professional and personal life (117). On the other hand, this musculoskeletal disorder treatment is, frequently, slow, onerous and incompatible with professional obligations (27). Thus, CTS prevention seems to be a priority measure to fight this disease and the associated inconveniences. The main aim of this work consists in accomplish a bibliographical revision concerning CTS and obtain data that allow clarification about the role of physical activity (PA) in its primary and secondary prevention. In this way, the main risk factors for the appearance and development of CTS have been reviewed (being distinguished, among others, the high body mass index - BMI -, the age above 30 years, the repetitive hand activities and the diabetes mellitus - DM) as well as the main preventive interventions, suggested by literature. It was verified that i) the main prevention measures are based on the minimization of the illness risk factors and ii) the PA was little investigated as a preventive potential strategy for the manifestation of CTS. In fact, studies that intended to clarify the relation between PA and the prevention of CTS are very few and have been, in most cases, developed with insufficient samples. However, according to the bibliography, it seems justified a more deepened experimental investigation about the potential effects of PA on CTS prevention.

Key Words: carpal tunnel syndrome, physical activity, risk factors, prevention.

 

 

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CORRESPONDÊNCIA

José Alberto Duarte*

Laboratório de Bioquímica e Morfologia Experimental

Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física

Universidade do Porto

Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91

4200 - 450 Porto, PORTUGAL

jarduarte@fcdef.up.pt