Compreendendo o overtraining no desporto: da definição ao tratamento.

Adelino S. R. Silva

Vanessa Santhiago

Cláudio A. Gobatto

Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Educação Física, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil.

 

RESUMO

No desporto de alto nível o desenvolvimento de um programa de treinamento físico tem como principal objetivo a maximização da performance. Contudo, caso não ocorra uma periodização do treinamento adequada, os atletas podem desenvolver o fenômeno denominado overtraining ou sobretreino. O overtraining pode ser definido como um distúrbio neuroendócrino, que ocorre no eixo hipotálamo-hipófise, resultado do desequilíbrio entre a demanda do exercício e a capacidade de resposta do organismo. O objetivo do presente estudo de revisão é apresentar fatores inerentes ao overtraining, para que a comunidade científica aprofunde o conhecimento sobre este problema do treinamento e auxilie os profissionais do desporto e atletas a evitá-lo.

Palavras-chave: desporto, treinamento, overtraining.

 

ABSTRACT

Understanding overtraining in sports: from definition to treatment.

The main aim of a training program in the high level sport is to enhance performance. Athletes can present overtraining (OT) if an inadequate training periodisation occurs. Overtraining can be defined as a neuroendocrine disturb in hypothalamic-pituitary axis resulting from an unbalance between training and recovery. The aim of this review is to deepen the knowledge about overtraining factors, bringing actual scientific data to help coaches and athletes to deal with this problem, and overcome it.

Key Words: sport, training, overtraining.

 

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AGRADECIMENTOS

Apoio financeiro: FAPESP (processo 03/04214-3); CNPq (processo 130441/2004-0); Fundunesp (processo 00844/03-DFP).

CORRESPONDÊNCIA

Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva

Rua Rui Barbosa no 221

Vila Monteiro

13560-330, São Carlos, São Paulo

Brasil

adelinosanchez@hotmail.com