<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-0523</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Port. Cien. Desp.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-0523</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-05232005000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Efeito da velocidade do estímulo no desempenho de uma tarefa complexa de timing coincidente em crianças e adolescentes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of stimulus velocity on the performance of a complex coincident timing task with children and adolescents]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freudenheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrêa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Umberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dantas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luiz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jane]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cássia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Go]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo Escola de Educação Física e Esporte Laboratório de Comportamento Motor]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brasil ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>160</fpage>
<lpage>166</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-05232005000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-05232005000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-05232005000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito de diferentes velocidades de deslocamento do estímulo no desempenho de uma tarefa complexa de timing coincidente. No experimento 1, 42 crianças realizaram 25 tentativas na tarefa de tocar quatro alvos em integração a um estímulo visual, distribuídas em três grupos conforme as velocidades dos estímulos: lento (1,11 m/s), moderado (0,89 m/s) e rápido (0,74 m/s). Não foi detectada diferença significativa (p<0,05) para a medida de erro absoluto. Para o erro variável, foi detectada diferença entre os grupos de velocidade rápida e moderada e entre os de velocidade moderada e lenta. No experimento 2, 49 adolescentes realizaram 25 tentativas em tarefa semelhante, distribuídos em três grupos em função da velocidade do estímulo (2,02 m/s, 1,70 m/s e 1,48 m/s). Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Conclui-se que numa tarefa complexa de timing coincidente, a velocidade do deslocamento do estímulo não afeta a precisão do desempenho de crianças e adolescentes, mas afeta a consistência do desempenho de crianças. Portanto, os resultados desse estudo não corroboram os da literatura baseados em estudos com tarefas simples de timing coincidente. No entanto, estudos adicionais necessitam ser realizados para explorar um espectro maior de velocidades de propagação do estímulo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different stimulus velocities on the performance of a complex coincident timing task. In Experiment 1, 42 children, distributed in groups according to stimulus velocity of 1,11, 0,89 or 0,74 m/s, underwent 25 trials. The set was to touch four keys in conjunction with a visual stimulus. No significant difference (p<0,05) was detected in the absolute error measure. In relation to variable error significant differences were detected between the fast and moderate velocity groups, and between the slow and moderate velocity groups. In Experiment 2, 49 adolescents, distributed in groups according to stimulus velocity of 2,02, 1,70 or 1,48 m/s had 25 trials in a similar task. No significant differences were found. It can be concluded that stimulus velocity does not affect the precision of children and adolescents but affects consistency of children’s performance in a complex coincident timing task. Therefore, the results of this study corroborate the results based on studies with simple coincidence timing tasks reported in literature. Nevertheless, additional studies should explore a broader stimulus velocity spectrum.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[timing coincidente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desempenho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tarefas complexas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coincident timing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[complex task]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><b>Efeito da velocidade do estímulo no desempenho de uma tarefa    complexa de <i>timing </i>coincidente em crianças e adolescentes.</b></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>        <p></p>      <p align="center"><b>Andrea Freudenheim<a href="#1">*</a><a name="top1"></a></b></p>     <p align="center"><b>Jorge de Oliveira</b></p>      <p align="center"><b>Umberto Corrêa</b></p>      <p align="center"><b>Paula Oliveira</b></p>      <p align="center"><b>Luiz Dantas</b></p>      <p align="center"><b>Jane Silva</b></p>     <p align="center"><b>Cássia Moreira</b></p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center"><b>Go Tani</b></p>      <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center">Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte,    Laboratório de Comportamento Motor, Brasil.</p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>        <p></p>          <p><b>RESUMO</b></p>      <p>O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito de diferentes velocidades de deslocamento do estímulo no desempenho de uma <i>tarefa complexa de timing coincidente</i>. No experimento 1, 42 crianças realizaram 25 tentativas na tarefa de tocar quatro alvos em integração a um estímulo visual, distribuídas em três grupos conforme as velocidades dos estímulos: lento (1,11 m/s), moderado (0,89 m/s) e rápido (0,74 m/s). Não foi detectada diferença significativa (p&lt;0,05) para a medida de erro absoluto. Para o erro variável, foi detectada diferença entre os grupos de velocidade rápida e moderada e entre os de velocidade moderada e lenta. No experimento 2, 49 adolescentes realizaram 25 tentativas em tarefa semelhante, distribuídos em três grupos em função da velocidade do estímulo (2,02 m/s, 1,70 m/s e 1,48 m/s). Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Conclui-se que numa tarefa complexa de <i>timing</i> coincidente, a velocidade do deslocamento do estímulo não afeta a precisão do desempenho de crianças e adolescentes, mas afeta a consistência do desempenho de crianças. Portanto, os resultados desse estudo não corroboram os da literatura baseados em estudos com tarefas simples de <i>timing</i> coincidente. No entanto, estudos adicionais necessitam ser realizados para explorar um espectro maior de velocidades de propagação do estímulo.</p>         <p><i><b>Palavras-chave:</b></i><b> </b>timing coincidente, desempenho, tarefas    complexas.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>         <p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>Effect of stimulus velocity on the performance of a complex coincident timing task with children and adolescents.</b></p>      <p>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different stimulus velocities on the performance of a complex coincident timing task. In Experiment 1, 42 children, distributed in groups according to stimulus velocity of 1,11, 0,89 or 0,74 m/s, underwent 25 trials. The set was to touch four keys in conjunction with a visual stimulus. No significant difference (p&lt;0,05) was detected in the absolute error measure. In relation to variable error significant differences were detected between the fast and moderate velocity groups, and between the slow and moderate velocity groups. In Experiment 2, 49 adolescents, distributed in groups according to stimulus velocity of 2,02, 1,70 or 1,48 m/s had 25 trials in a similar task. No significant differences were found. It can be concluded that stimulus velocity does not affect the precision of children and adolescents but affects consistency of children&#8217;s performance in a complex coincident timing task. Therefore, the results of this study corroborate the results based on studies with simple coincidence timing tasks reported in literature. Nevertheless, additional studies should explore a broader stimulus velocity spectrum.</p>          <p><b>Key Words:</b> coincident timing, performance, complex task.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>        <p></p>              ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS</b></p>      <!-- ref --><p>1. Bard C, Fleury M, Gagnon, M (1990). Coincidence-anticipation timing: an age related perspective. In: C Bard, M Fleury, L Hay (ed.) <i>Development of eye-handcoordination across life span</i>. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 283-305.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731203&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref -->    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731204&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>3.  Conrad R (1955). 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Princeton: Princeton Book, 1-17. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731221&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>20. Teixeira LA, Santos VA, Andreysuk R (1992). Tarefas que    envolvem timing antecipatório: seriam as velocidades mais baixas as mais fáceis    para sincronizar? <i>Revista Paulista de Educação Física</i>, 6(2): 21-28. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731222&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> 21. Williams LRT (2000). Coincidence timing if a soccer    pass: effects of stimulus velocity and movement distance. <i>Perceptual and    Motor Skills</i>, 91: 39-52.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731223&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>22. Williams LRT, Jasiewicz J, Simmons RW (2001) Coincidence    timing of finger, arm, and whole body movements. <i>Perceptual and Motor Skills</i>,    92: 535-547. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731224&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>23. Wrisberg CA, Hardy CJ, Beitel PA (1982). Stimulus velocity    and movement distance as determiners of movement velocity and coincident timing    accuracy. <i>Human Factors</i>, 24(5): 599-608. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=731225&pid=S1645-0523200500020000400023&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p><b>CORRESPONDÊNCIA</b></p>        <p><b><a name="1"></a><a href="#top1">*</a> Andrea Michele Freudenheim</b></p>       <p>Universidade de São Paulo, </p>       <p>Escola de Educação Física e Esporte,</p>       ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Laboratório de Comportamento Motor</p>       <p>Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65</p>       <p>CEP 05508-900&nbsp; São Paulo &#8211; SP- BRASIL</p>       <p><a href="mailto:Amfreud@usp.br"><i>amfreud@usp.br</i></a></p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>    </div>       ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gagnon]]></surname>
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</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Coincidence-anticipation timing: an age related perspective]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Development of eye-handcoordination across life span]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<page-range>283-305</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[University of South Carolina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
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