<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-1004</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[PsychTech & Health Journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[PsychTech]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-1004</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PsychTech & Health Journal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-10042018000100024</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26580/pthj.art7-2018</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Adição à internet: Relação com a sintomatologia psicopatológica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Internet addiction: The relationship with psychopathological symptomatology]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís Afonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Relva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês Carvalho]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Otília Monteiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Dept. Educação e Psicologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>24</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-10042018000100024&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-10042018000100024&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-10042018000100024&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO O presente estudo teve por objetivo averiguar as associações entre a adição à Internet e a sintomatologia psicopatológica. A amostra foi constituída por 418 participantes, entre os 18 e os 35 anos, que preencheram um questionário sociodemográfico, o Internet Addition Test, e as escalas de depressão, ansiedade, hostilidade e sensibilidade interpessoal do Brief Symptom Inventory. Foram analisadas as estruturas fatoriais e a consistências internas das escalas. Observamos que 87.8% dos participantes tinham adição leve a moderada, sendo o sexo masculino significativamente mais adicto. A adição à Internet foi positivamente associada à depressão, ansiedade, hostilidade, e sensibilidade interpessoal. Mais ainda, analisando as diferenças entre os três níveis de adição presentes na amostra foram encontradas diferenças significativas a nível da sintomatologia psicopatológica entre todos os grupos, com exceção da hostilidade. Desta forma, o nosso estudo conclui que a adição à Internet é uma problemática com associações à sintomatologia psicopatológica, realçando a necessidade de maior atenção por parte dos profissionais de saúde quanto aos hábitos desenvolvidos online e da perceção que o próprio indivíduo tem do seu grau de adição.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The present study aims to corroborate associations between Internet addiction and psychopathological symptomatology. For this purpose, a sample of 418 participants, between the ages of 18 and 35, completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Internet Addition Test, and the Brief Symptom Inventory depression, anxiety, hostility, and interpersonal sensitivity scales. We observed that 87.8% of the participants had low to mild addition, being males significantly more addicted. Internet addiction was positively associated with depression, anxiety, hostility, and interpersonal sensitivity. Comparisons by three levels of addiction found significant differences between groups on psychopathological symptomatology. The exception was on the variable hostility. Internet addiction is problematic. The association between psychological symptoms and the person´s level of perception of their level of addiction requires particular attention from health practitioners. The association between psychological symptoms and the person´s level of perception of their level of addiction requires particular attention from health practitioners.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[adição à internet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sintomatologia psicopatológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fatores sociodemográficos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[população portuguesa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[internet addition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[psychopathological symptomatology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sociodemographic factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[portuguese population]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maracy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jannatifard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eslami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of psychiatric symptoms on the internet addiction disorder in Isfahan&#8217;s university students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Research in Medical Sciences]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>793-800</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahrainian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haji Alizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raeisoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hashemi Gorji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khazaee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship of internet addiction with self-esteem and depression in university students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>86-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canavarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos: BSI]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simões]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[L]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Almeida]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Testes e Provas Psicológicas em Portugal]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>II</volume>
<page-range>87-109</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Braga ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SHO/APPORT]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shyness and locus of control as predictors of internet addiction and internet use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>559-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hillsdale, NJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Erlbaum]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derogatis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spencer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Administration, scoring, and procedures manual-I]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Baltimore, MD ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Psychometrics Research Unit]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echeburúa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Corral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Addiction to new technologies and to online social networking in young people: A new challenge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adicciones]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>91-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llorca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation and psychometric analysis of the internet addiction test in Spanish among college students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>953</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gámez-Guadix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Las Hayas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problematic internet use and problematic alcohol use from the cognitive-behavioral model: A longitudinal study among adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Addictive Behaviors]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>109-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gosling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet research in psychology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annual Review of Psychology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<page-range>877-902</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffiths]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction: Time to be taken seriously?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Addiction Research and Theory]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>413-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depression and internet addiction in adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychopathology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>424-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hardie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Excessive internet use: The role of personality, loneliness and social support networks in internet addiction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Australian Journal of Emerging Technologies &amp; Society]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>34-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blachnio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Przepiorka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Polish validation of the internet addiction test]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers in Human Behavior]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>548-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Internet users</collab>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Issa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isaias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet factors influencing generations Y and Z in Australia and Portugal: A practical study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Information Processing &amp; Management]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>592-617</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms among Korean adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of School Health]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>165-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khazaal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Billieux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Louati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scarlatti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zullino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[French validation of the internet addiction test]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>703-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoshakhlagh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faramarzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship of emotional intelligence and mental disorders with internet addiction in internet user&#8217;s university students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Addiction &amp; Health]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3-4</volume>
<page-range>133-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: A questionnaire survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Nursing Studies]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>185-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The exacerbation of depression, hostility, and social anxiety in the course of internet addiction among adolescents: A prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comprehensive Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>1377-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tridimensional personality of adolescents with internet addiction and substance use experience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>887-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictive values of psychiatric symptoms for internet addiction in adolescents: A 2-year prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Pediatrics &amp; Adolescent Medicine]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>937-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors predictive for incidence and remission of internet addiction in young adolescents: A prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>545-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kraut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundmark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiesler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mukopadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scherlis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Psychologist]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>1017-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric properties of the internet addiction test in Chinese adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Pediatric Psychology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>794-807</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leeson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Online gaming in the context of social anxiety]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychology of Addictive Behaviors]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>473-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daniels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Na]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Renshaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depression like characteristics of 5HTTLPR polymorphism and temperament in excessive internet users]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Affective Disorders]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>1-2</volume>
<page-range>165-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liberatore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martí]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. N. C. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of internet addiction in latino adolescents with psychiatric diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>399-402</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osualdella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Blasio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quality of interpersonal relationships and problematic internet use in adolescence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>681-684.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors influencing internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cyberpsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>327-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niemz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffiths]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banyard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of pathological internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CyberPsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>562-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Notar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padgett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cyberbullying: Resources for intervention and prevention]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Universal Journal of Educational Research]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>133-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostovar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allahyar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aminpoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moafian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffiths]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction and its psychosocial risks (depression, anxiety, stress and loneliness) among Iranian adolescents and young adults: A structural equation model in a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>257-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pallant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[SPSS survival manual A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for windows]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<edition>4ª Ed.</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Australia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Allen &amp; Unwin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panayides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the internet addiction test (IAT) in a sample of Cypriot high school students: The rasch measurement perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Europe&#8217;s Journal of Psychology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>327-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffiths]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portuguese validation of the internet addiction test: An empirical study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Behavioral Addictions]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>107-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An exploratory study on the perceived motivations underpinning excessive internet use among adolescents and young adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychology, Community &amp; Health]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>90-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zugliani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cirillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment of internet addiction with anxiety disorders: Treatment protocol and preliminary before-after results involving pharmacotherapy and modified cognitive behavioral therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JMIR Research Protocols]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>1</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction and interpersonal problems in Korean adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>226-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sahu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction among professional courses students: A study from central India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>1069-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CNS drugs]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>353-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deindividuation, anonymity, and violence: Findings from Northern Ireland]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Social Psychology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>493-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between high residential density in student dormitories and anxiety, binge eating and internet addiction: A study of Chinese college students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SpringerPlus]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1579</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weinstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elhadfi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bukovza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yarmulnik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dannon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction is associated with social anxiety in young adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Clinical Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>4-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The realness of cybercheating men&#8217;s and women&#8217;s representations of unfaithful internet relationships]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Science Computer Review]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>57-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quigley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emotional and sexual infidelity offline and in cyberspace]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Marital and Family Therapy]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>461-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Widyanto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffiths]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunsden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A psychometric comparison of the internet addiction test, the internet-related problem scale, and self-diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>141-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sociopsychiatric characteristics of adolescents who use computers to excess]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>217-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with internet addiction: Comparison with substance use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>9-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of internet addiction: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Adolescent Health]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>93-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hostility in the real world and online: The effect of internet addiction, depression, and online activity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>649-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychology of computer use: XL. Addictive use of the internet: A case that breaks the stereotype]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Reports]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>899-902</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cyberpsychology &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>237-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[CBT-IA: The first treatment model for internet addiction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>304-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
