<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0003-2573</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análise Social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anál. Social]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0003-2573</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0003-25732008000300002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Ao serviço do líder: as campanhas eleitorais do Partido Socialista]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Ciências Sociais ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>188</numero>
<fpage>505</fpage>
<lpage>529</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0003-25732008000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0003-25732008000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0003-25732008000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este artigo procura analisar a evolução das campanhas eleitorais do Partido Socialista entre 1976 e 2005, evidenciando as suas principais características organizativas ao nível nacional e local. As conclusões apontam para a importância dos especialistas externos e para o reforço da centralização, que contribuem para o aumento da autonomia do líder socialista.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This article analyses the development of the Socialist Party's election campaigns between 1976 and 2005, revealing their main organizational characteristics both nationally and locally. The conclusions demonstrate that outside experts were important and that there was increasing centralization, both of which contribute to the increased autonomy of the socialist leader.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Partido Socialista]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[campanhas eleitorais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[eleições]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comunicação política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Socialist Party]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[election campaigns]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[elections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political communication]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P><b>Ao servi&ccedil;o do l&iacute;der: as campanhas eleitorais do Partido Socialista<a href="#1">**</a><a name="top1"></a></b></p>      <p><b>Marco Lisi<a href="#2">*</a><a name="top2"></a></b></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="justify">Este artigo procura analisar a evolu&ccedil;&atilde;o das campanhas    eleitorais do Partido Socialista entre 1976 e 2005, evidenciando as suas principais    caracter&iacute;sticas organizativas ao n&iacute;vel nacional e local. As conclus&otilde;es    apontam para a import&acirc;ncia dos especialistas externos e para o refor&ccedil;o    da centraliza&ccedil;&atilde;o, que contribuem para o aumento da autonomia do    l&iacute;der socialista.</p>     <p align="justify"><B>Palavras-chave:</B> Partido Socialista; campanhas eleitorais;    elei&ccedil;&otilde;es; comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o pol&iacute;tica.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="justify">This article analyses the development of the Socialist Party's    election campaigns between 1976 and 2005, revealing their main organizational    characteristics both nationally and locally. The conclusions demonstrate that    outside experts were important and that there was increasing centralization,    both of which contribute to the increased autonomy of the socialist leader.</p>     <p align="justify"><B>Keywords:</B> Socialist Party; election campaigns; elections;    political communication.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P><B>BIBLIOGRAFIA</B></p>      <!-- ref --><p>Avillez, M. J. (1996), <I>Soares.  Democracia,</I> Lisboa, P&uacute;blico.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000016&pid=S0003-2573200800030000200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>Dalton, R. J., e Wattenberg, M. (orgs.) (2000),  <I>Parties without Partisans. Political Change in Advanced Industrial  Democracies,</I> Oxford, Oxford University Press.</p>      <p>Duverger, M. (1981), <I>Les Partis  Politiques,</I> Paris, Armand Colin.</p>      <p>Farrell, D. M. (2002), &#171;Campaign modernization and the West European party&#187;,  <I>in</I> K. R. Luther e F. M&uuml;ller-Rommel  (orgs.),<I> Political Parties in the New  Europe,</I> Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp.  63-83.</p>       <p>Farrell, D. M. (2006), &#171;Political  parties in a changing campaign environment&#187;,  <I>in</I> R. S. Katz e W. J. Crotty (orgs.),<I> Handbook of Party  Politics,</I> Londres, Sage, pp. 122-133.</p>      <p>Farrell, D. M., Kolodny, R., e  Medvic, S. (2001), &#171;Parties and campaign professionals  in a digital age&#187;, in <I>Press/Politics,</I> 6 (4), pp. 11-30.</p>      <p>Farrell, D. M., e Schmitt-Beck, R. (2002), &#171;Studying political campaigns and their  effects&#187;, <I>in</I> D. M. Farrell e R. Schmitt-Beck (orgs.),  <I>Do Political Campaigns Matter?,</I> Londres, Routledge, pp. 1-21.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Freire, A., Lobo, M. C.,  Magalh&atilde;es, P., e Esp&iacute;rito-Santo, A. (orgs.) (2005),  <I>Comportamentos e Atitudes Pol&iacute;ticas  1973-2002,</I> Lisboa, Instituto de Ci&ecirc;ncias  Sociais. </p>      <p>Gibson, R., e R&ouml;mmele, A. (2001), &#171;A party-centered theory of  professionalized campaigning&#187;, in  <I>Press/Politics,</I> 6 (1), pp. 31-43. </p>      <p>Jalali, C. (2006), &#171;The woes of being in opposition: the PSD since 1995&#187;, in  <I>South European Society &amp; Politics,</I> 11 (3-4), pp.  359-379.</p>       <p>Katz, R. S., e Mair, P. (1995), &#171;Changing models of party organization and party  democracy: the emergence of the cartel party&#187;, in  <I>Party Politics,</I> 1, 1, pp. 5-28.</p>      <p>M&eacute;ndez Lago, M. (2000),  <I>La Estrategia Organizativa del Partido Socialista Obrero  Espa&ntilde;ol (1975-1996), </I>Madrid, CIS.</p>      <p>Norris, P. (2000), <I>A Virtous Circle: Political Communications in Post Industrial  Society,</I> Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.</p>      <p>Oliveira, C. (1993), <I>Os Anos  Decisivos,</I> Lisboa, Presen&ccedil;a.</p>      <p>Panebianco, A. (1982), <I>Modelli di Partito,  </I>Bologna, Il Mulino.</p>      <p>Pasquino, G. (2001), &#171;The new campaign politics in  southern Europe&#187;, <I>in</I> P. N. Diamandouros e R. Gunther  (orgs.),<I> Parties, Politics, and Democracy in the New  Southern Europe,</I> Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 183-223.</p>      <p>PS (1998), <I>Fontes para a Hist&oacute;ria do Partido Socialista  Portugu&ecirc;s,</I> Lisboa, Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o  M&aacute;rio Soares.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Sablosky, J. A. (2000), <I>PS e a Transi&ccedil;&atilde;o para a  Democracia,</I> Lisboa, Editorial Not&iacute;cias.</p>      <p>Salgado, S. (2007), <I>Os Ve&iacute;culos da Mensagem Pol&iacute;tica. Estudo de  uma Campanha Eleitoral nos Media,</I> Lisboa, Livros Horizonte. </p>      <p>Sampugnaro, R. (2006), <I>Dentro la Campagna. Partiti, Candidati e Consulenza  Politica,</I> Acireale, Bonanno.</p>      <p>Sartori, G. (1976), <I>Parties and Party Systems. A Framework for  Analysis,</I> Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.</p>      <p>Scammell, M. (1997), &#171;The wisdom of the war room: US campaigning and  Americanization&#187;, in <I>The Joan Shorestein Center Press  Politics,</I> research paper R-17.</p>      <p>S&eacute;gu&eacute;la, J., e  Saussez, T. (2007), <I>La Prise de  l'Elys&eacute;e,</I> Paris, Plon.</p>       <p>Stock, M. J., (2005), &#171;O PS de 1973 a 1983&#187;,  <I>in</I> V. Canas (org.),<I> O Partido Socialista  e a Democracia</I>, Oeiras, Celta, pp. 129-168.</p>       <p>Swanson, D., e Mancini, P. (orgs.) (1996),  <I>Politics, Media and Modern Democracy: an International Study of Innovations  in Electoral Campaigning and Their  Consequences,</I> Westport, Praeger.</p>      <p>Van Biezen, I. (2003), <I>Political Parties in New  Democracies</I>, New York, Palgrave MacMillan.</p>       <p>Webb, P., Farrell, D. M., e  Holliday, I. (2002), <I>Political Parties in Advanced  Industrial Democracies</I>, Oxford, Oxford University Press.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Wert, J. I. (2003), &#171;Sondagens de opini&atilde;o p&uacute;blica em  Espanha e em Portugal&#187;, in  <I>An&aacute;lise Social</I>, 167 (xxxviii), pp. 573-598.</p>      <p>Wring, D. (2005), <I>The Politics of Marketing the Labour  Party,</I> New York, Palgrave.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p><a href="#top2">*</a><a name="2"></a> Instituto de Ci&ecirc;ncias Sociais da    Universidade de Lisboa.</p>     <p><a href="#top1">**</a><a name="1"></a> Agrade&ccedil;o os coment&aacute;rios    de dois <I>referees</I> an&oacute;nimos da revista <I>An&aacute;lise Social.</I></p>       ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avillez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Soares: Democracia]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Público]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
