<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-1164</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Corrosão e Protecção de Materiais]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Corros. Prot. Mater.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-1164</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-11642009000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Uso de polímeros condutores na protecção catódica em estruturas de aço]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Use of conductive polymers in the cathodic protection of steel structures]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nogueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Aguilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,UP - Universidade do Porto FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia DEQ - Departamento de Engenharia Química]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Associação Rede de Competência em Polímeros  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,CIN - Corporação Industrial do Norte  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>14</fpage>
<lpage>20</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-11642009000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-11642009000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-11642009000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O objectivo do presente estudo é o desenvolvimento de um primário de protecção catódica com menor conteúdo em zinco e assim com menor custo, recorrendo a resinas condutoras eléctricas. Para tal, usou-se uma resina com base numa polianilina na sua forma condutora (Emeraldine salt Long chain, grafted to Lignin) na formulação dum primário epóxido de alto conteúdo em zinco (primário com 93 % (p/p) de zinco metálico na película seca - nível I) conforme especificado na SSPC (Steel Structures Paint Council) Paint Specification No. 20.). Foi produzida uma formulação com menos 20 % (p/p) de zinco relativamente à formulação original, incorporando-se 3 % (p/p) de polianilina. A caracterização dos primários em termos de propriedades anticorrosivas foi realizada recorrendo a duas técnicas distintas: (i) ensaios de exposição em nevoeiro salino e (ii) um método recente baseado na técnica de espectroscopia de impedância electroquímica (EIS), método AC-DC-AC. Este último permitiu avaliar correctamente e de uma forma expedita (menos de 24 h) as propriedades anticorrosivas dos revestimentos em comparação com a técnica de nevoeiro salino. Os resultados obtidos pelas duas técnicas foram concordantes. Os resultados obtidos indicam ainda que a formulação do primário com a incorporação da polianilina apresenta um desempenho ligeiramente superior ao de referência, em termos de propriedades anticorrosivas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The objective of this study is the development of an anticorrosive primer with less zinc content. Partial substitution of zinc by electrical conductive resins should rend the process more cost effective. In the present work, a standard epoxy coating with a high zinc content (93 wt. % as specified in the Steel Structures Paint Council), was used as a starting formulation in which part of the zinc was replaced by a resin based polyaniline (Emeraldine salt Long chain, grafted to Lignin). This new formulation was produced with less 20 wt. % of zinc regarding the standard formulation, and the addition of 3 wt. % of polyaniline. The coating characterization, concerning the anticorrosive properties, was performed using two distinct techniques: (i) salt fog spray test and (ii) a new technique based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the so-called AC-DC-AC method. This technique proved to be accurate and much faster (in less 24 hours) than salt fog spray tests; similar results were obtained for the two methods. Based on the results, it was observed that coatings with polyaniline perform slightly better in terms of corrosion protection of steel structures than the standard zinc based formulations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Corrosão]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[EIS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Polianilina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Protecção Catódica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[AC-DC-AC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Corrosion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[EIS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Polyaniline]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cathodic Protection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AC-DC-AC]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><b>Uso de polímeros condutores na protecção catódica em estruturas de aço</b></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center">V. Gonçalves <sup>(<a href="#1">1</a><a name="top1"></a>) (<a href="#2">2</a><a name="top2"></a>)    (<a href="#4">*</a><a name="top4"></a>)</sup>, A. Mendes <sup>(<a href="#1">1</a><a name="top1"></a>)</sup>,    J. Machado <sup>(<a href="#3">3</a><a name="top3"></a>)</sup>, F. Oliveira <sup>(<a href="#3">3</a><a name="top3"></a>)</sup>,    J. Nogueira <sup>(<a href="#3">3</a><a name="top3"></a>) </sup>e H. Aguilar    Ribeiro <sup>(<a href="#1">1</a><a name="top1"></a>)</sup></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center"><b>RESUMO</b></p>      <p>O objectivo do presente estudo é o desenvolvimento de um primário de protecção catódica com menor conteúdo em zinco e assim com menor custo, recorrendo a resinas condutoras eléctricas. Para tal, usou-se uma resina com base numa polianilina na sua forma condutora (<i>Emeraldine salt Long chain, grafted to Lignin</i>) na formulação dum primário epóxido de alto conteúdo em zinco (primário com 93 % (p/p) de zinco metálico na película seca &#8211; nível I) conforme especificado na SSPC (Steel Structures Paint Council) Paint Specification No. 20.). Foi produzida uma formulação com menos 20 % (p/p) de zinco relativamente à formulação original, incorporando-se 3 % (p/p) de polianilina. </p>      <p>A caracterização dos primários em termos de propriedades anticorrosivas foi realizada recorrendo a duas técnicas distintas: (i) ensaios de exposição em nevoeiro salino e (ii) um método recente baseado na técnica de espectroscopia de impedância electroquímica (EIS), método AC-DC-AC. Este último permitiu avaliar correctamente e de uma forma expedita (menos de 24 h) as propriedades anticorrosivas dos revestimentos em comparação com a técnica de nevoeiro salino. Os resultados obtidos pelas duas técnicas foram concordantes.</p>      <p>Os resultados obtidos indicam ainda que a formulação do primário com a incorporação da polianilina apresenta um desempenho ligeiramente superior ao de referência, em termos de propriedades anticorrosivas.</p>      <p><b><i>Palavras Chave</i></b>: Corrosão, EIS, Polianilina, Protecção Catódica, AC-DC-AC</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center"><b>Use of conductive polymers in the cathodic protection of    steel structures</b></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center"><b>ABSTRACT</b></p>      <p>The objective of this study is the development of an anticorrosive primer with less zinc content. Partial substitution of zinc by electrical conductive resins should rend the process more cost effective. In the present work, a standard epoxy coating with a high zinc content (93 wt. % as specified in the Steel Structures Paint Council), was used as a starting formulation in which part of the zinc was replaced by a resin based polyaniline (Emeraldine salt Long chain, grafted to Lignin). This new formulation was produced with less 20 wt. % of zinc regarding the standard formulation, and the addition of 3 wt. % of polyaniline. The coating characterization, concerning the anticorrosive properties, was performed using two distinct techniques: (i) salt fog spray test and (ii) a new technique based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the so-called AC-DC-AC method. This technique proved to be accurate and much faster (in less 24 hours) than salt fog spray tests; similar results were obtained for the two methods.</p>      <p>Based on the results, it was observed that coatings with polyaniline perform slightly better in terms of corrosion protection of steel structures than the standard zinc based formulations.</p>      <p><b><i>Keywords: </i></b>Corrosion, EIS, Polyaniline, Cathodic Protection, AC-DC-AC</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>REFERÊNCIAS </b></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p>[1] K. R. Trethewey and J. Chamberlain (<i>Corrosion for science and engineering)</i>, 2<sup>nd</sup> edition, Harlow, Longman (1998).</p>      <p>[2] E. E. Stansbury, R. A. Buchanan (<i>Fundamentals of electrochemical corrosion)</i>, Materials Park, Ohio, ASM International (2000).</p>      <p>[3] B. Mazza (<i>Secondo Corso di aggiornamento Sulla Protezione Catódica)</i>, Milano, Clup, (1984).</p>      <p>[4] F. Ribeiro (<i>Protecção Catódica)</i>, Seminário DE Lic. Em Eng. Electrotécnica e de Computadores, Dezembro, FEUP (2002).</p>      <p>[5] <a href="http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ProductDetail.do?N4=561134" target="_blank">http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ProductDetail.do?N4=561134</a>.</p>      <!-- ref --><p>[6] K. Belmokre <i>et al</i>., <i>Mater. Corros.</i>, 49, 108 (1998).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000030&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[7] M. Poelman <i>et al</i>., <i>Progress in Organic Coatings</i>, 54, 55-62 (2005).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000031&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[8] S. J. García, J. Suay, <i>Prog. Org. Coat.</i>, 57, 273-281(2006).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000032&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[9] B. Wessling, J. Posdorfer, <i>Electrochim. Acta</i>, 44, 2139 (1999).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000033&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[10] J. R. Santos JR., L. H. C. Mattoso, A. J. Motheo, <i>Electrochim. Acta,</i> 43, 309 (1998).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000034&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[11] M. Kraljic, Z. Mandic, L. J. Duic, <i>Corros. Sci.,</i> 45, 181-198 (2003).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000035&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[12] G. Mengoli <i>et al</i>., <i>Appl. Polymer Sci.,</i> 26, 4247 (1982).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000036&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[13] P. J. Kinlen, V. Menon, Y. Ding, <i>J. Electrochem. Soc</i>., 146, 3690 (1999).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000037&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[14] K. Saravanan <i>et al</i>., Prog. Org. Coat., 59, 160 (2007).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000038&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[15] S. Sathiyanarayanan <i>et al</i>., <i>Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 53, 297 (2005).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000039&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[16] S. Sathiyanarayanan, S. Muthukrishnan, G. Venkatacharin, <i>Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 55, 5 (2006).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000040&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[17] Azim yed <i>et al</i>., <i>Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 56, 154 (2006).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000041&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[18] J. Hollaender, C. A. Schiller, W. Strunz, <i>Food Addit. Contam</i>.14 (6-7), 617 (1999).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000042&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>[19] Manual da Protecção Anticorrosiva, CIN, S. A., Porto, Portugal (2000).</p>      <p>[20] M. T. Rodriguéz (<i>Formulátion Y Evaluación De Imprimaciones Epoxis Anticorrosivos, Curables A Temperatura Ambiente)</i>, Tese de Dotuoramento, Universidade de Jaume I, Outubro, Espanha (2004).</p>      <!-- ref --><p>[21] D. Loveday, P. Peterson, B. Rodgers, <i>J. Coat. Technol.</i>, 46 (2004).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000045&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[22] S. Sathiyanarayanan <i>et al</i>., <i>Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 53, 297-301 (2005).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000046&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>[23] J. Salvador Fernandes (Introdução à Espectroscopia de Impedância Electroquímica), Curso EIS, Dezembro, IST, Lisboa (2007).</p>      <p>[24] V. Gentil (<i>Corrosão)</i>, 4ª Edição, Livros Técnicos e Científicos Editora, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, (2003).</p>      <p>[25] R. C. Dorf, R. H. Bishop (<i>Sistemas de controle modernos)</i>, Rio de Janeiro: LTC, 659 (2001).</p>      <!-- ref --><p>[26] D. Loveday, P. Peterson, B. Rodgers,<i> J. Coat. Technol.</i>, 88 (2004).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000050&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[27] A. Meroufel, C. Deslouis, S. Touzain, <i>Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 53, 2331 (2008).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000051&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>[28] A. Simões <i>et al., Prog. Org. Coat</i>., 63, 260 (2008).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000052&pid=S0870-1164200900010000200018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>      <p><sup>(<a href="#top1">1</a><a name="1"></a>)</sup> LEPAE &#8211; Dept. De Eng.    Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Roberto Frias,    4200-465 Porto, Portugal</p>      <p><sup>(<a href="#top2">2</a><a name="2"></a>)</sup> Associação Rede de Competência    em Polímeros, Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal</p>      <p><sup>(<a href="#top3">3</a><a name="3"></a>)</sup> CIN &#8211; Corporação Industrial    do Norte, Estrada Nacional 13 (Km 6), 4471-909 Maia, Portugal</p>      <p><sup>(<a href="#top4">*</a><a name="4"></a>)</sup> A quem a correspondência    deve ser dirigida, e-mail: <a href="mailto:eq02083@fe.up.pt">eq02083@fe.up.pt</a></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="right"><i>Artigo submetido em Julho de 2008 e aceite em Fevereiro de    2009</i></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belmokre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mater. Corros.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poelman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Progress in Organic Coatings]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<page-range>55-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<page-range>273-281</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wessling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posdorfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electrochim. Acta]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<page-range>2139</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos JR.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motheo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electrochim. Acta]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>309</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kraljic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Corros. Sci.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>181-198</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mengoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Appl. Polymer Sci.]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>4247</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinlen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Electrochem. Soc.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<page-range>3690</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saravanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<page-range>160</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sathiyanarayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>297</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sathiyanarayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muthukrishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venkatacharin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[yed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Azim]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>154</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollaender]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schiller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strunz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Food Addit. Contam.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>6-7</numero>
<issue>6-7</issue>
<page-range>617</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loveday]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodgers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Coat. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>46</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sathiyanarayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>297-301</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loveday]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodgers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Coat. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>88</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meroufel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deslouis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Touzain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>2331</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simões]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog. Org. Coat.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<page-range>260</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
