<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-6352</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lusitana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lus.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-6352</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unidade de Silvicultura e Produtos Florestais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-63522002000100006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Combustão Lenhosa Directa e Indirecta: Sua Relevância para a Temática dos Fogos Florestais]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sardinha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Augusto M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. Wolfango]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. Vasconcelos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[VILA REAL ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>91</fpage>
<lpage>100</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522002000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-63522002000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-63522002000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Analisa-se a dinâmica da combustão directa e indirecta e mostra-se o seu interesse quanto à produção do carvão de madeira, para a compreensão da génese dos fogos subterrâneos e para a boa condução do rescaldo dos fogos florestais.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Both the direct and indirect dynamics of wood combustion are analysed and applied to the understanding of charcoal production, to the development of underground fires, and to the most effective approaches for forest fire extinction.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[On analyse le phénomène de la combustion du bois et de ses implications sur la production du charbon de bois, l'expansion des feux en sous-sol et les opérations d'extinction des feux de forêt.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[combustão lenhosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fogos florestais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fogos subterrâneos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[carvão de madeira]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wood combustion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[charcoal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[underground fires]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest fires]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[combustion du bois]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[feux de forêt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[feux en sous-sol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[charbon de bois]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><b>Combustão Lenhosa Directa e Indirecta</b></p>      <p align=center><b>Sua Relevância para a Temática dos Fogos Florestais</b></p>     <p align=center>&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><b><a name="top1"></a>Augusto M. Sardinha<sup></sup>*, F. Wolfango    Macedo<sup><a href="#1">1</a></sup>** e <a></a>F. Vasconcelos Macedo***</b></p>     <p align="center" >* Engenheiro Silvicultor, ** Investigador Principal, *** Engenheiro    Agrícola</p>     <p align="center" >Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-911 VILA    REAL</p>     <p align="center" >&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>Sumário:</b> Analisa-se    a dinâmica da combustão directa e indirecta e mostra-se o seu interesse quanto    à produção do carvão de madeira, para a compreensão da génese dos fogos subterrâneos    e para a boa condução do rescaldo dos fogos florestais.</p>     <p><b>Palavras-chave</b>: combustão lenhosa<b>; </b>fogos florestais; fogos subterrâneos;    carvão de madeira</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p ><b >Abstract</b>: Both the direct and indirect dynamics of wood combustion are analysed and applied to the understanding of charcoal production, to the development of underground fires, and to the most effective approaches for forest fire extinction.</p>      <p><b>Keywords</b>: wood combustion; charcoal; underground fires; forest fires</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p><b >Résumé</b>: On analyse le phénomène de la combustion du bois et de ses    implications sur la production du charbon de bois, l'expansion des feux en sous-sol    et les opérations d'extinction des feux de forêt.</p>     <p><b >Mots clés</b>: combustion du bois; feux de forêt; feux en sous-sol; charbon    de bois</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>Bibliografia</b></p>     <!-- ref --><p >FENGER, D., WEGENER, 1989. <i>Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions</i>,    Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000025&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>KOLLMANN, F., 1959. <i>Tecnologia de la Madera y sus Aplicaciones</i>, Instituto Florestal de Investigaciones y Experiencias y Servicio de la Madera, Madrid.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000026&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p >TBOR, R. - <i >Traditional Woodland Crafts</i>. Batsford, London, UK&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000027&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>MACEDO, F.W., SARDINHA, A.M., 1988. <i>Fogos Florestais</i>. Editora Ciência e Vida, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000028&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p >REEB, J.E., 1995. <i >Wood and Moisture Relationships</i>, Oregon State University Extension Service, EM 8600, June.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000029&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p >STAMM, A.J. - <i >Wood and Cellulose Science</i>, The Ronald Press Co., N. York&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000030&pid=S0870-6352200200010000600006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b><i >P</i></b><b><i >áginas Internet de consulta útil:</i></b></p>     <p ><i><a href="http://www.energy.demon.nl/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.energy.demon.nl/index.html</a></i></p>     <p><i ><a href="http://www.abdn.ac.uk/%7Efor253/index.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~for253/index.htm</a></i></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p ><i >Submetido para publicação em Abril de 2001</i></p>       <p ><i >Aceite para publicação em Dezembro de 2001</i></p>     <p >&nbsp;</p>     <p><sup><a name="1"></a><a href="#top1">1</a></sup>2&ordm; Autor E-mail: <a href="mailto:wmacedo@utad.pt">wmacedo@utad.pt</a></p>        ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FENGER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WEGENER]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure, Reactions]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berlin ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Walter de Gruyter]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KOLLMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tecnologia de la Madera y sus Aplicaciones]]></source>
<year>1959</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Florestal de Investigaciones y Experiencias y Servicio de la Madera]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TBOR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Traditional Woodland Crafts]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Batsford]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACEDO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SARDINHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fogos Florestais]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Ciência e Vida]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[REEB]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Wood and Moisture Relationships]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oregon State University Extension Service]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STAMM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Wood and Cellulose Science]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[N. York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Ronald Press Co.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
