<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-6352</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lusitana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lus.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-6352</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unidade de Silvicultura e Produtos Florestais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-63522003000200005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Propriedade da Terra e Política Florestal em Portugal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inocêncio Seita]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,INIAP - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e das Pescas Estação Agronómica Nacional Departamento de Economia e Sociologia Agrária]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[OEIRAS ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2003</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>185</fpage>
<lpage>199</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522003000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-63522003000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-63522003000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Neste texto evidenciamos a influência do regime e da estrutura da propriedade fundiária na aplicação da política florestal em Portugal. O regime de propriedade fundiária florestal engloba diferentes tipos: propriedade pública, propriedade comum, propriedade privada da indústria florestal e propriedade privada de particulares. O regime de propriedade influi actualmente e influiu no passado no sucesso das medidas de florestação, um dos pilares da política florestal em Portugal desde o século XIX. A estrutura da propriedade florestal privada apresenta realidades muito diferentes; nas regiões do Norte e Centro do país (onde se localizam os baldios) predominam os pequenos proprietários que detêm parcelas com floresta de muito pequena dimensão, nas regiões do Sul predominam os proprietários que possuem parcelas com floresta de média e grande dimensão. A influência desta estrutura diferenciada é clara quando analisamos os números para cada região respeitantes às áreas florestadas e à importância das zonas de caça ordenada. Este texto inclui uma breve abordagem dos conceitos teóricos respeitantes à posse da terra e uma breve história da evolução das florestações em Portugal nos séculos XIX e XX, uma análise da estrutura da propriedade privada de particulares e apresenta de forma empírica alguns aspectos em que se constata a influência da estrutura da posse da terra no sector florestal. Podemos demonstrar, deste modo, que o regime e a estrutura da propriedade fundiária são factores significativamente influentes na política florestal em Portugal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper presents some evidences of the importance of land tenure in the application of forestry politics in Portugal. The property rights regime for forestland is of different types: the public property, the communal property, the industrial private forest and the non-industrial private forest. They influence today, just as they influenced in the past, the success of reforestation measures, one of the pillars of forestry politics in Portugal since the XIX century. The structure of private forest tenure presents very different realities; in the regions of the North and Centre of the country (where the communal land is located) small proprietors predominate, having very small land parcels with forest; in the South there predominate proprietors having medium to large dimension forest parcels. The result of this differentiated structure is clearly reflected in the areas of forestation and in well-organized areas for hunting. This paper includes a brief review of theoretical concepts dealing with land tenure and a brief history of the evolution of forest lands during the XIX and XX centuries in Portugal; it covers a structural analysis of non-industrial private forest owners, and adds empirical evidences of the influence of land tenure on the forestry sector. In this way, we can demonstrate that land tenure is a significant factor in the Forest Policy of Portugal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Dans ce travail nous essayons de démonstrer l'influence de la propriété agraire dans l'application de la politique forestière au Portugal. Le régime de la propriété forestière inclut différents types: propriété public, terrain communal, propriété privé de l'industrie forestière et propriété privé des particuliers. Le régime de la propriété influençât et influence toujours le succès de la politique de forestation, qui est un des piliers de la politique forestière au Portugal depuis le XIX siècle. La structure de la propriété forestière privée nous montre des réalités très différentes: dans le Nord et dans le Centre du pays, là où se localisent les terrains communaux, prédominent les petits propriétaires qui ont des parcelles avec forêt de très petite dimension; dans le Sud prédominent les gros propriétaires qui ont des parcelles de moyenne et large dimension. L'influence de cette structure très distinguée est très claire au niveau des surfaces forestières et des zones de chasse régularisées. Ce texte contient une brève approche des concepts théoriques concernant la tenure du fondiaire et une brève histoire de l'évolution des forestations au Portugal du XIX et du XX siècles. Il contient aussi une analyse de la structure de la propriété forestière privée et présente des évidences empiriques sur l'influence de la structure de la propriété dans le secteur forestier. Nous pouvons, de cette façon, démontrer que le régime et la structure de la propriété sont des facteurs très influants dans la politique forestière au Portugal.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[propriedade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[posse da terra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política florestal Portuguesa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[floresta privada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[florestações]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[property]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[land tenure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portuguese forestry policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[private forest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[afforestation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[propriété]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[propriété fonciaire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[politique forestière portugaise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[forêt privée]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[reboisement]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align=center><b>Propriedade da Terra e Política Florestal em Portugal</b></p>     <p align=center>&nbsp;</p>          <p align="center"><b>Inocêncio Seita Coelho*<sup><a href="#1">1</a><a name="top1"></a></sup></b></p>      <p align=center>Investigador Auxiliar c/habilitação</p>      <p align="center">Departamento de Economia e Sociologia Agrária, Estação Agronómica    Nacional, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 OEIRAS</p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>         <p><b>Sumário</b>. Neste texto evidenciamos a influência do regime e da estrutura da propriedade fundiária na aplicação da política florestal em Portugal.</p>      <p>O regime de propriedade fundiária florestal engloba diferentes tipos: propriedade pública, propriedade comum, propriedade privada da indústria florestal e propriedade privada de particulares. O regime de propriedade influi actualmente e influiu no passado no sucesso das medidas de florestação, um dos pilares da política florestal em Portugal desde o século  XIX.</p>      <p>A estrutura da propriedade florestal privada apresenta realidades muito diferentes; nas regiões do Norte e Centro do país (onde se localizam os baldios) predominam os pequenos proprietários que detêm parcelas com floresta de muito pequena dimensão, nas regiões do Sul predominam os proprietários que possuem parcelas com floresta de média e grande dimensão. A influência desta estrutura diferenciada é clara quando analisamos os números para cada região respeitantes às áreas florestadas e à importância das zonas de caça ordenada. </p>      <p>Este texto inclui uma breve abordagem dos conceitos teóricos respeitantes à posse da terra e uma breve história da evolução das florestações em Portugal nos séculos XIX e XX, uma análise da estrutura da propriedade privada de particulares e apresenta de forma empírica alguns aspectos em que se constata a influência da estrutura da posse da terra no sector florestal.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Podemos demonstrar, deste modo, que o regime e a estrutura da propriedade fundiária são factores significativamente influentes na política florestal em Portugal.</p>      <p><b>Palavras-chave</b>: propriedade; posse da terra; política florestal Portuguesa;    floresta privada; florestações</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>        <p><b>Abstract</b>. This paper presents some evidences of the importance of land tenure in the application of forestry politics in Portugal.</p>      <p>The property rights regime for forestland is of different types: the public property, the communal property, the industrial private forest and the non-industrial private forest. They influence today, just as they influenced in the past, the success of reforestation measures, one of the pillars of forestry politics in Portugal since the XIX century. </p>      <p>The structure of private forest tenure presents very different realities; in the regions of the North and Centre of the country (where the communal land is located) small proprietors predominate, having very small land parcels with forest; in the South there predominate proprietors having medium to large dimension forest parcels. The result of this differentiated structure is clearly reflected in the areas of forestation and in well-organized areas for hunting. This paper includes a brief review of theoretical concepts dealing with land tenure and a brief history of the evolution of forest lands during the XIX and XX centuries in Portugal; it covers a structural analysis of non-industrial private forest owners, and adds empirical evidences of the influence of land tenure on the forestry sector. In this way, we can demonstrate that land tenure is a significant factor in the Forest Policy of Portugal. </p>      <p><b>Key words:</b> property; land tenure; Portuguese forestry policy; private    forest; afforestation</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p><b>Résumé</b>. Dans ce travail nous essayons de démonstrer l'influence de la propriété agraire dans l'application de la politique forestière au Portugal.</p>      <p>Le régime de la propriété forestière inclut différents types: propriété public, terrain communal, propriété privé de l'industrie forestière et propriété privé des particuliers. Le régime de la propriété influençât et influence toujours le succès de la politique de forestation, qui est un des piliers de la politique forestière au Portugal depuis le XIX siècle.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>La structure de la propriété forestière privée nous montre des réalités très différentes: dans le Nord et dans le Centre du pays, là où se localisent les terrains communaux, prédominent les petits propriétaires qui ont des parcelles avec forêt de très petite dimension; dans le Sud prédominent les gros propriétaires qui ont des parcelles de moyenne et large dimension. L'influence de cette structure très distinguée est très claire au niveau des surfaces forestières et des zones de chasse régularisées.</p>      <p>Ce texte contient une brève approche des concepts théoriques concernant la tenure du fondiaire et une brève histoire de l'évolution des forestations au Portugal du XIX et du XX siècles. Il contient aussi une analyse de la structure de la propriété forestière privée et présente des évidences empiriques sur l'influence de la structure de la propriété dans le secteur forestier. Nous pouvons, de cette façon, démontrer que le régime et la structure de la propriété sont des facteurs très influants dans la politique forestière au Portugal.</p>      <p><b>Mots clés:</b> propriété; propriété fonciaire; politique forestière portugaise;    forêt privée; reboisement</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p><b>Bibliografia</b></p>        ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p>BARROS, H., 1954. Economia Agrária, col. <i>A Terra e o Homem</i>, nº 27, Livraria    Sá da Costa, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000033&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>DEVY-VARETA, N., 1993. <i>A Floresta no Espaço e no Tempo em Portugal. A arborização    da Serra da Cabreira</i>. 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ISA, DREDM, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000038&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GEADAS, M.D.B., BAPTISTAS, M.P. (coord.), 1999. <i>Beira Interior. Panorama    Florestal.</i> ISA, DRABI, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000039&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GEADAS, M.D.B., BAPTISTA, M.P.(coord.), 1999. <i>Beira Litoral. Panorama Florestal</i>.    ISA, DRABL, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000040&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GEADAS, M.D.B., BAPTISTA, M.P. (coord.), 1999. <i>Ribatejo e Oeste. Panorama    Florestal</i>. ISA, DRARO, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000041&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GEADAS, M.D.B., BAPTISTA, M.P. (coord.), 1999. <i>Alentejo. Panorama Florestal</i>.    ISA, DRAAL, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000042&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GEADAS, M.D.B., BAPTISTA, M.P. (coord.), 1999. <i>Algarve. Panorama Florestal</i>.    ISA, DRAALG, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000043&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GOMES, A.M.A., 1969. <i>Fomento da arborização dos terrenos particulares. Planeamento    para o Sul do Tejo</i>. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000044&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>LIMA BASTO, E.A., 1942. A Propriedade Rústica. <i>Separata dos Anais do Instituto    Superior de Agronomia</i>, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000045&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GABINETE DE PLANEAMENTO E POL&Iacute;TICA AGRO ALIMENTAR, 2000. <i>Agricultura    Portuguesa. Principais indicadores</i>. Lisboa. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000046&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>MENDES, A.S.C., 2002. Financial instruments of forest policy in Portugal in    the 80s and 90s. <i>EFI Forest Policy Research Forum: Cross-Sectoral Policy    Impacts on Forests</i>, 4-6 April, Sanvonlinna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000047&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>RADICH, M. C., ALVES, A.A.M., 2000.<i> Dois Séculos de Floresta em Portugal</i>.    CELPA, Lisboa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000048&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>TERREAUX, J.P., 1994. <i>Résultats et pistes de recherche concernant la gestion    de la forêt paysanne: aspects théoriques. Économie et Sociologie Rurales</i>,    série D: nº 94-17D, Toulouse.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000049&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>VIEIRA, J.N., 2000. A nossa cultura e história florestais. In <i>Florestas    de Portugal</i>, DGF, Lisboa. pp. 15-23.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000050&pid=S0870-6352200300020000500018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><i>Entregue para publica&ccedil;&atilde;o em Julho de 2002</i></p>     <p><i>Aceite para publica&ccedil;&atilde;o em Setembro de 2003</i></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><sup><a href="#top1">1</a><a name="1"></a></sup> E-mail: <a href="mailto:iseita@isa.utl.pt">iseita@isa.utl.pt</a></p>      ]]></body><back>
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<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARROS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economia Agrária]]></source>
<year>1954</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
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</nlm-citation>
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<person-group person-group-type="author">
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<surname><![CDATA[DEVY-VARETA]]></surname>
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</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Floresta no Espaço e no Tempo em Portugal: A arborização da Serra da Cabreira]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
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<collab>DIRECÇÃO GERAL DAS FLORESTAS</collab>
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<year>2000</year>
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<person-group person-group-type="author">
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<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A florestação dos baldios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Análise Social]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>XIX</volume>
<page-range>1157-1260</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
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<given-names><![CDATA[M.D.B.]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAPTISTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.P.]]></given-names>
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<source><![CDATA[Trás-os-Montes: Panorama Florestal]]></source>
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