<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-6352</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lusitana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lus.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-6352</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unidade de Silvicultura e Produtos Florestais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-63522004000300003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Efeito da Substituição de Espécies Florestais nos Horizontes Orgânicos e Características Químicas do Solo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Effect of the Substitution of Forest Species in the Organic Horizons, and Chemical Characteristics of the Soil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Effet du Remplacement d'Espèces Forestières Dans les Horizons Organiques et Caractéristiques Chimiques du Sol]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felícia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alzira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nogueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clotilde]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Escola Superior Agrária de Bragança Departamento de Geociências]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>183</fpage>
<lpage>190</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522004000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-63522004000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-63522004000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Com o presente trabalho pretende-se avaliar a influência da substituição de áreas de Quercus pyrennaica, que constitui a vegetação climácica da Serra da Nogueira, situada no Nordeste de Portugal, pela espécie Pseudotsuga menziesii, em algumas características químicas do solo. Para o efeito, seleccionaram-se três áreas de amostragem em zonas adjacentes com condições edafo-climáticas idênticas: uma de Quercus pyrennaica (QP), representativa da situação inicial, uma de Pseudotsuga menziesii com 40 anos (PM40) e uma de Pseudotsuga menziesii com 15 anos (PM15). Em cada área de amostragem, elegeram-se de forma aleatória 10 locais, onde se recolheu material orgânico numa área de 0,25 m² e amostras de solo nas profundidades 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm e 10-20 cm, em cada um dos locais. Os resultados indicam que a acumulação de resíduos orgânicos é mais elevada nos solos sob as resinosas (PM40 e PM15), que sob a folhosa (QP). Quando se comparam as concentrações em elementos minerais nos resíduos dos horizontes orgânicos, observam-se menores concentrações para a espécie PM15, o que se reflecte nas características químicas do solo, desenvolvido sob aquela espécie, com maior acidez e menor teor em carbono, azoto, potássio e bases de troca, principalmente, nas camadas mais profundas. Entre o solo desenvolvido sob PM40 e o solo na situação inicial (QP) as diferenças são menos notórias, o que parece indicar que os efeitos produzidos pela espécie introduzida tendem a diluir-se no tempo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of substituting areas of Quercus pyrennaica, which constitute the autochthonous vegetation of Serra da Nogueira in the North of Portugal, with Pseudotsuga menziesii on the chemical characteristics of the soil. For this evaluation, three sampling areas were selected in adjacent zones with similar soil and climatic conditions. The first zone, containing Quercus pyrennaica (QP), which represents the soil in its initial state. The second, a 40 year-old Pseudotsuga menziesii (PM40) zone, and the last a 15 year-old Pseudotsuga menziesii (PM15) zone. In each sampling area, 10 plots were randomly selected. In each of these the organic material from a 0.25 m² area, and soil samples from depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm were collected. The results revealed that the accumulation of organic residues in the soil is elevated more with the resinous PM40 and PM15 than with the deciduous QP. Having compared the concentration of mineral elements of the organic horizon residues a lower concentration was detected in the PM15 species. These are reflected in the chemical characteristics of the soil with a greater acidity and less carbon, nitrogen, potassium and exchangeable basis. The differences between the soil that developed under the PM40, and the soil in the initial state (QP), are less evident. It seems that with time, the characteristics of the soil, which developed under the Pseudotsuga menziesii species tends to become similar to that of the soil in its initial state.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Il s'agit, par ce travail, d'évaluer l'influence du remplacement des zones de Quercus pyrennaica, qui constitue la végétation climatique de la Serra da Nogueira, située dans le nord-est du Portugal, par l'espèce Pseudotsuga menziesii, dans certaines caractéristiques chimiques du sol. Pour cela, trois zones d'échantillonnage ont été sélectionnées dans des terrains adjacents dont les conditions édapho-climatiques sont identiques: l'un de Quercus pyrennaica (QP), représentant la situation initiale, un autre de Pseudotsuga menziesii de 40 ans (PM40) et le dernier de Pseudotsuga menziesii de 15 ans (PM15). Dans chaque zone d'échantillonnage on a choisi, de façon aléatoire, 10 endroits d'où ont été retirés le matériel organique sur une surface de 0.25 m² ainsi que des échantillons de sol dans des profondeurs de 0 à 5 cm, 5 à 10 cm et 10 à 20 cm. Les résultats indiquent que l'accumulation de résidus organiques est plus élevée dans les sols sous les résineux (PM40 et PM15) que sous les feuillus (QP). Lorsqu'on compare les concentrations d'éléments minéraux dans les résidus des horizons organiques, on observe de faibles concentrations pour l'espèce PM15, ce qui se reflète dans les caractéristiques chimiques du sol, qui s'est développé sous cette espèce, avec plus d'acidité et moins de concentration de carbone, azote, potasse et bases d'échange, principalement, dans les couches plus profondes. Les différences entre le sol développé sous le PM40 et le sol de la situation initiale (QP) sont moins notoires, ce qui semble indiquer que les effets produits par l'espèce introduite ont tendance à se diluer avec le temps.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Quercus pyrennaica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pseudotsuga menziesii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[resíduos orgânicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[nutrientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Quercus pyrennaica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pseudotsuga menziesii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[litterfall]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutrients]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Quercus pyrennaica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Pseudotsuga menziesii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[matériel organique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[éléments minéraux]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <html>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><b>Efeito da Substituição de Espécies Florestais nos Horizontes    Orgânicos e Características Químicas do Solo</b></p>     <p align="center"></p>     <p align="center"><b>Felícia Fonseca*<sup><a href="#1">1</a><a name="top1"></a></sup>,    Alzira Guerra** e Clotilde Nogueira***</b></p>     <p align="center">* Professora Adjunta</p>     <p align="center">** Assistente do 2º Triénio</p>     <p align="center">*** Engenheira Florestal</p>     <p align="center">Departamento de Geociências. Escola Superior Agrária de Bragança,    Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 172, 5301-855 BRAGANÇA</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>Sumário</b>. Com o presente trabalho pretende-se    avaliar a influência da substituição de áreas de <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i>, que constitui a vegetação    climácica da Serra da Nogueira, situada no Nordeste de Portugal, pela espécie    <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, em algumas    características químicas do solo. Para o efeito, seleccionaram-se três áreas    de amostragem em zonas adjacentes com condições edafo-climáticas idênticas:    uma de <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i> (<i>QP</i>), representativa da situação inicial,    uma de <i>Pseudotsuga</i> <i>menziesii</i> com 40 anos (<i>PM40</i>) e uma de <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> com 15 anos (<i>PM15</i>). Em cada área de amostragem, elegeram-se de forma aleatória    10 locais, onde se recolheu material orgânico numa área de 0,25 m<sup>2</sup>    e amostras de solo nas profundidades 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm e 10-20 cm, em cada um    dos locais. Os resultados indicam que a acumulação de resíduos orgânicos é mais    elevada nos solos sob as resinosas (<i>PM40    </i>e<i> PM15</i>), que sob a folhosa (<i>QP</i>). Quando se comparam as concentrações    em elementos minerais nos resíduos dos horizontes orgânicos, observam-se menores    concentrações para a espécie <i>PM15</i>,    o que se reflecte nas características químicas do solo, desenvolvido sob aquela    espécie, com maior acidez e menor teor em carbono, azoto, potássio e bases de    troca, principalmente, nas camadas mais profundas. Entre o solo desenvolvido    sob <i>PM40</i> e o solo na situação inicial    (<i>QP</i>) as diferenças são menos notórias,    o que parece indicar que os efeitos produzidos pela espécie introduzida tendem    a diluir-se no tempo.</p>       <p></p>      <p><b>Palavras-chave:</b> <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i>; <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>;    resíduos orgânicos; nutrientes</p>         <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>The Effect of the Substitution of Forest Species in the Organic  Horizons, and Chemical Characteristics of the Soil</b></p>     <p><b>Abstract</b>. The aim of this study was to evaluate the      influence of substituting areas of <i>Quercus      pyrennaica</i>, which constitute the autochthonous vegetation of Serra da      Nogueira in the North of Portugal, with <i>Pseudotsuga      menziesii</i> on the chemical characteristics of the soil. For this evaluation,      three sampling areas were selected in adjacent zones with similar soil and      climatic conditions. The first zone, containing <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i> (<i>QP</i>),      which represents the soil in its initial state.  The second, a 40 year-old <i>Pseudotsuga      menziesii</i> (<i>PM40</i>) zone, and the      last a 15 year-old <i>Pseudotsuga</i> <i>menziesii</i> (<i>PM15</i>) zone. In each sampling area, 10 plots were randomly selected.        In each of these the organic material from a 0.25 m<sup>2</sup> area,      and soil samples from depths of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm were collected.      The results revealed that the accumulation of organic residues in the soil      is elevated more with the resinous <i>PM40</i>      and <i>PM15</i> than with the deciduous <i>QP</i>.      Having compared the concentration of mineral elements of the organic horizon      residues a lower concentration was detected in the <i>PM15</i> species.  These are reflected      in the chemical characteristics of the soil with a greater acidity and less      carbon, nitrogen, potassium and exchangeable basis. The differences between      the soil that developed under the <i>PM40,</i>      and the soil in the initial state (<i>QP</i>),      are less evident. It seems that with time, the characteristics of the soil,      which developed under the <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> species tends to become      similar to that of the soil in its initial state.</p>       <p></p>      <p><b>Key words:</b> <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i>; <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>;    litterfall; nutrients</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>Effet du Remplacement d'Espèces Forestières Dans les Horizons  Organiques et Caractéristiques Chimiques du Sol</b></p>     <p><b>Résumé</b>. Il s'agit, par ce travail, d'évaluer l'influence du remplacement des zones de <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i>, qui constitue la végétation climatique de la Serra da Nogueira, située dans le nord-est du Portugal, par l'espèce <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>, dans certaines caractéristiques chimiques du sol. Pour cela, trois zones d'échantillonnage ont été sélectionnées dans des terrains adjacents dont les conditions édapho-climatiques sont identiques: l'un de <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i> (<i>QP</i>), représentant la situation initiale, un autre de <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> de 40 ans (<i>PM40</i>) et le dernier de <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> de 15 ans (<i>PM15</i>). Dans chaque zone d'échantillonnage on a choisi, de façon aléatoire, 10 endroits d'où ont été retirés le matériel organique sur une surface de 0.25 m<sup>2</sup> ainsi que des échantillons de sol dans des profondeurs de 0 à 5 cm, 5 à 10 cm et 10 à 20 cm. Les résultats indiquent que l'accumulation de résidus organiques est plus élevée dans les sols sous les résineux (<i>PM40</i> et <i>PM15</i>) que sous les feuillus (<i>QP</i>).</p>        <p>Lorsqu'on compare les concentrations      d'éléments minéraux dans les résidus des horizons organiques, on observe de      faibles concentrations pour l'espèce <i>PM15</i>, ce qui se reflète dans les      caractéristiques chimiques du sol, qui s'est développé sous cette espèce,      avec plus d'acidité et moins de concentration de carbone, azote, potasse et      bases d'échange, principalement, dans les couches plus profondes. Les différences      entre le sol développé sous le <i>PM40</i> et le sol de la situation initiale      (<i>QP</i>) sont moins notoires, ce qui semble indiquer que les effets produits      par l'espèce introduite ont tendance à se diluer avec le temps.</p>       <p></p>      <p><b>Mots clé</b>: <i>Quercus pyrennaica</i>; <i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>; matériel    organique; éléments minéraux</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
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ASA/SSSA, Madison.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000051&pid=S0870-6352200400030000300017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>VIQUEIRA, F.D.F., ANTA, R.C., GONZÁLEZ, A.P., 1982. As Espécies Florestais e os Solos da Galícia. <i>Publicacións do Seminário de Estudos Galegos</i>. Adiciós do Castro. Barcelona.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000052&pid=S0870-6352200400030000300018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>WALKELEY, A., BLACK, I.A., 1934. An examination of the degtjareff method for    determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid    titration method. <i>Soil Sci</i>. <b>37 </b>: 29-37.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000053&pid=S0870-6352200400030000300019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>        <p></p>      <p><i>Entregue para publicação em Maio de 2003</i></p>      <p><i>Aceite para publicação em Outubro de 2003</i></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><sup><a href="#top1">1</a><a name="1"></a></sup> 1&ordm; Autor E-mail: <a href="mailto:ffonseca@ipb.pt">ffonseca@ipb.pt</a></p>        <p></p>       </body>  </html>     ]]></body>
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