<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-6352</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lusitana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Silva Lus.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-6352</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unidade de Silvicultura e Produtos Florestais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-63522005000200001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Floresta e Sociedade: Um Percurso (1875-2005)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Forest and Society (1875-2005): Un Parcours (1875-2005)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Forêt et Société]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baptista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Oliveira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,ISCTE - Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[LISBOA ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Técnica de Lisboa Instituto Superior de Agronomia Departamento de Economia Agrária e Sociologia Rural]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[LISBOA ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>143</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-63522005000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-63522005000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-63522005000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este texto procurou relacionar os diferentes intervenientes na floresta portuguesa ¾ os seus proprietários privados e comunitários e ainda o Estado ¾ com as funções que esperavam dessa mesma floresta ¾ articulação com os sistemas agrários, produtiva, de lazer e recreio, ambiente e de conservação, simbólica ¾ e com o resultado global, que foi o aumento da área florestal, a qual, admite-se, pode ter passado de uns 7% a aproximadamente um terço da área do continente português, entre 1875 e 2005. Ao longo do tempo considerado, a relação entre intervenientes, funções esperadas e ampliação da floresta variou, o que levou a delimitar três períodos, 1875-1938, 1938-1974, 1974-2005. Assim, o enorme acréscimo da área de floresta no primeiro destes períodos foi impulsionado pelos particulares que tinham em vista as produções florestais. Nos períodos que se seguiram, a área continuou a crescer, embora de forma mais moderada, pesando então a acção do Estado. Este, no primeiro período, assumiu sobretudo a função de conservação e protecção do território juntando-se seguidamente aos particulares em torno da floresta produtiva. No terceiro dos períodos, a função ambiental passaria a ser exigida pela sociedade e pelos acordos europeus. A função lazer afirma-se igualmente no tempo mais recente, captando então o interesse dos proprietários privados. Como apoio aos sistemas agrários, a floresta foi importante até aos anos sessenta, declinando no seguimento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This article attempts to link the different entities involved in the Portuguese forest ¾ the private, community, and state owners ¾ with functions expected from the forest ¾ support to agrarian systems, forest products, recreation, environment, conservation and symbolic interests ¾ and also the global result of forest expansion. In continental Portugal this growth in forest area may have increased from about 7% to approximately one third, between the period 1875 to 2005. During this time, the relationship between the subjects, functions and the growth of the forest changed. In respect to this, three periods, 1875-1938, 1938-1974 and 1974-2005 have been outlined. The rapid increase in forest area in the first of these periods was stimulated by the private owners interested in production forestry. In the following periods, forest growth continued, although at a slower pace, this time due to the contribution of the state. From 1875 to 1938, the state mainly oversaw the function of conservation and protection of the territory. After this period the state joined itself to the private owners with the purpose of utilising the productive forest. From 1938 to 1974, the environmental function started to be demanded by society as well as European agreements. In recent years the recreation factor has become stronger, and has caught the interest of private owners. As a support to agrarian systems the forest remained important until the 60's, afterwhich its significance declined.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Ce texte cherche à mettre en rapport ceux qui ont eu affaire à la forêt ¾ ses propriétaires privés ou communautaires, et encore l'Etat ¾ avec les fonctions qu'on attendait de cette même forêt ¾ son soutien aux systèmes agraires, son apport productif, ses loisirs, son impact sur l'environnement, sa charge symbolique ¾ et, avec pour résultat global, l'augmentation de sa surface, qui, on admet, peut avoir augmenté de 7% à environ un tiers de la surface du continent portugais, entre 1875 et 2005. Tout au long de ce parcours, le rapport entre les intervenants, les fonctions et la croissance de la forêt a changé, ce qui a conduit à séparer trois périodes, 1875-1938, 1938-1974 et 1974-2005. Dans ce cadre, on voit que la très forte croissance de la surface de la forêt dans la période 1875-1938 est due à l'action des propriétaires privés, qui avaient en vue les productions forestières. La forêt s'est encore agrandie par la suite, bien que de façon moins vive, et cette fois avec le soutien de l'Etat. Etat qui, dans les années 1875-1938 a surtout pris en mains la fonction conservatrice de la forêt. Plus tard, il a rejoint les propriétaires privés avec pour but une forêt productive. Dans la dernière des trois périodes, la fonction sur l'environnement, délaissée par l'Etat, a été reprise par la société et est devenue un souci dû aux accords européens. La fonction loisir s'est affermie également dans le dernier quart du XXième siècle, grâce à l'appui des propriétaires privés. Finalement, en tant que soutien des systèmes agraires, la forêt a été très importante jusqu'aux années 1960, mais cette fonction s'est effacée par la suite.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[arborização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[floresta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[funções da floresta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[proprietários florestais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[políticas florestais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[afforestation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest's functions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest's owners]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest's policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[forestation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[forêt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[fonction de la forêt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[propriétaires forestiers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[politiques forestières]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p class=MsoNormal align=center><b>Floresta e Sociedade: Um Percurso (1875-2005)</b><sup>    [<a href="#1">1</a>]<a name="top1"></a></sup></p>        <p class=MsoNormal align=center></p>     <p class=MsoNormal align=center></p>        <p class=MsoNormal align=center><b>Maria Carlos Radich* e Fernando Oliveira Baptista**</b></p>        <p class=MsoNormal align=center>&nbsp;</p>     <p class=MsoNormal align=center>&nbsp;</p>      <p class=MsoNormal align=center>*Professora Associada</p>      <p class=MsoNormal align=center>Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa. Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-026 LISBOA</p>      <p class=MsoNormal align=center>**Professor Catedrático</p>      <p class=MsoNormal align=center>Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Departamento de Economia Agrária e Sociologia Rural. Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 LISBOA</p>        ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>        <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p></p>        <p><b>Sumário.</b> Este texto procurou relacionar os diferentes intervenientes na floresta portuguesa ¾ os seus proprietários privados e comunitários e ainda o Estado ¾ com as funções que esperavam dessa mesma floresta ¾ articulação com os sistemas agrários, produtiva, de lazer e recreio, ambiente e de conservação, simbólica ¾ e com o resultado global, que foi o aumento da área florestal, a qual, admite-se, pode ter passado de uns 7% a aproximadamente um terço da área do continente português, entre 1875 e 2005.</p>      <p>Ao longo do tempo considerado, a relação entre intervenientes, funções esperadas e ampliação da floresta variou, o que levou a delimitar três períodos, 1875-1938, 1938-1974, 1974-2005. Assim, o enorme acréscimo da área de floresta no primeiro destes períodos foi impulsionado pelos particulares que tinham em vista as produções florestais. Nos períodos que se seguiram, a área continuou a crescer, embora de forma mais moderada, pesando então a acção do Estado. Este, no primeiro período, assumiu sobretudo a função de conservação e protecção do território juntando-se seguidamente aos particulares em torno da floresta produtiva. No terceiro dos períodos, a função ambiental passaria a ser exigida pela sociedade e pelos acordos europeus. A função lazer afirma-se igualmente no tempo mais recente, captando então o interesse dos proprietários privados. Como apoio aos sistemas agrários, a floresta foi importante até aos anos sessenta, declinando no seguimento.</p>      <p><b>Palavras-chave</b>: arborização; floresta; funções da floresta; proprietários florestais; políticas florestais</p>        <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p></p>      <p><b>Forest and Society (1875-2005)</b></p>      <p><b>Abstract.</b> This article attempts to link the different entities involved in the Portuguese forest ¾ the private, community, and state owners ¾ with functions expected from the forest ¾ support to agrarian systems, forest products, recreation, environment, conservation and symbolic interests ¾ and also the global result of forest expansion. In continental Portugal this growth in forest area may have increased from about 7% to approximately one third, between the period 1875 to 2005.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>During this time, the relationship between the subjects, functions and the growth of the forest changed. In respect to this, three periods, 1875-1938, 1938-1974 and 1974-2005 have been outlined. The rapid increase in forest area in the first of these periods was stimulated by the private owners interested in production forestry. In the following periods, forest growth continued, although at a slower pace, this time due to the contribution of the state. From 1875 to 1938, the state mainly oversaw the function of conservation and protection of the territory. After this period the state joined itself to the private owners with the purpose of utilising the productive forest. From 1938 to 1974, the environmental function started to be demanded by society as well as European agreements. In recent years the recreation factor has become stronger, and has caught the interest of private owners. As a support to agrarian systems the forest remained important until the 60's, afterwhich its significance declined.</p>      <p><b>Key words: </b>afforestation; forest; forest's functions; forest's owners; forest's policies</p>        <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p><b></b></p>      <p><b>Forêt et Société: Un Parcours (1875-2005)</b><b></b></p>      <p><b>Résumé. </b>Ce texte cherche à mettre en rapport ceux qui ont eu affaire à la forêt ¾ ses propriétaires privés ou communautaires, et encore l'Etat ¾ avec les fonctions qu'on attendait de cette même forêt ¾ son soutien aux systèmes agraires, son apport productif, ses loisirs, son impact sur l'environnement, sa charge symbolique ¾ et, avec pour résultat global, l'augmentation de sa surface, qui, on admet, peut avoir augmenté de 7% à environ un tiers de la surface du continent portugais, entre 1875 et 2005.</p>      <p>Tout au long de ce parcours, le rapport entre les intervenants, les fonctions et la croissance de la forêt a changé, ce qui a conduit à séparer trois périodes, 1875-1938, 1938-1974 et 1974-2005. Dans ce cadre, on voit que la très forte croissance de la surface de la forêt dans la période 1875-1938 est due à l'action des propriétaires privés, qui avaient en vue les productions forestières. La forêt s'est encore agrandie par la suite, bien que de façon moins vive, et cette fois avec le soutien de l'Etat. Etat qui, dans les années 1875-1938 a surtout pris en mains la fonction conservatrice de la forêt. Plus tard, il a rejoint les propriétaires privés avec pour but une forêt productive. Dans la dernière des trois périodes, la fonction sur l'environnement, délaissée par l'Etat, a été reprise par la société et est devenue un souci dû aux accords européens. La fonction loisir s'est affermie également dans le dernier quart du XX<sup>ième</sup> siècle, grâce à l'appui des propriétaires privés. Finalement, en tant que soutien des systèmes agraires, la forêt a été très importante jusqu'aux années 1960, mais cette fonction s'est effacée par la suite.</p>      <p><b>Mots clés</b>: forestation; forêt; fonction de la forêt; propriétaires forestiers; politiques forestières</p>        <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>        ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Texto completo disponivel apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>        <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p></p>      <p><b>Bibliografia</b></p>        <p></p>      <!-- ref --><p>ALVES, A.A.M., 1963.  O conceito florestal de uso múltiplo sob uma óptica de    desenvolvimento económico <i>Agros</i> <b>46</b>(2) : 141-150.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000040&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>ALVES, A.A.M., PEREIRA, J.S., coords. 1990. <i>Impactes ambientais e sócio-económicos    do eucaliptal em Portugal</i>, Lisboa, 105 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000041&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>BAPTISTA, F.O., 1993. <i>A política agrária do Estado Novo</i> (capítulo 14    – Política florestal), Porto, 414 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000042&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>BAPTISTA, F.O., SANTOS, R.T., 2005, <i>Os proprietários florestais. Resultados    de um inquérito</i>, Oeiras, 93 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000043&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>BAPTISTA, F.O<i>.</i><i> </i><i>in lit</i>.. <i>Os baldios. Resultados de um    inquérito</i>.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000044&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>CARVALHO, J.B., MORAIS, C.J.E., 1996. Análise da florestação em Portugal 1966-1995.    <i>Informação Florestal</i> <b>15</b> : 3-13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000045&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>ESPADA, J.M., 1991. <i>Plano Florestal Português</i>. 2 volumes, Instituto    Nacional de Administração, 286 pp. + anexo.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000046&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GERMANO, M.A., 1999. <i>Diagnóstico dos baldios a nível nacional</i>. Lisboa,    Direcção-Geral das Florestas, 12 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000047&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GUERREIRO, M.G., 1953. <i>A floresta na conservação do solo e da água</i>.    Lisboa, 193 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000048&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>GOMES, A.M.A., 1969. <i>Fomento da arborização nos terrenos particulares</i>.    Lisboa, 390 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000049&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>HARRISON, R., 1992. <i>Forêts. Essai sur l'imaginaire occidental</i>. Paris,    398 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000050&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>LOPES, J.M.S., 1960. O Regime florestal na propriedade privada. <i>A agricultura    e o II Plano de Fomento</i>, volume II : 211-226.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000051&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>LOURO, V., 1988. <i>Projecto Florestal Português/Banco Mundial. Relatório final    de</i> <i>execução</i>, Lisboa, Direcção-Geral das Florestas, 27 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000052&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>MENDES, A., 1996. Relator, <i>O sector florestal português</i>, Lisboa.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000053&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> Nota    – Este trabalho é, em parte, uma versão preliminar de Mendes (1998) e só foi    utilizado para estimar a percentagem do &quot;valor de uso directo&quot; que    corresponde aos frutos florestais.</p>      <!-- ref --><p>MENDES, A., 1998. Relator, <i>Livro Verde da cooperação Ensino Superior – Empresa.    Sector florestal</i>, 172 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000055&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>NATIVIDADE, J.V., 1950. <i>Subericultura</i>, Lisboa, 387 p.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000056&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>PLANO DE FOMENTO FLORESTAL (1940), Lisboa, 202 pp.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000057&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>RADICH, M.C., 1991. A silvicultura em Portugal no século XIX. <i>Ler História</i>    <b>22</b> : 53-73.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000058&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>RADICH, M.C., 1994. Uma exótica em Portugal. <i>Ler História</i> <b>25</b>    : 11-26.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000059&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>RADICH, M.C., 1995. O saber da resinagem em Portugal. <i>Ler História</i> <b>27-28    </b>: 177-199.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000060&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>RADICH, M.C., 2000. A floresta no Portugal Oitocentista, em Maria Carlos Radich    e A.A. Monteiro Alves. <i>Dois séculos da floresta em Portugal: séculos XIX    e XX</i>, Lisboa, pp. 7-108.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000061&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p>VIEIRA, J.A.N. 1991. Arborização e desarborização em Portugal. <i>Informação</i>    <i>Florestal</i>  <b>8</b> : 9-15. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000062&pid=S0870-6352200500020000100022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>        <p></p>      <p><i>Entregue para publicação em Junho de 2005</i></p>      <p><i>Aceite para publicação em Setembro de 2005</i></p>         <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>&nbsp; </p>            <p><sup><a name="1"></a>[<a href="#top1">1</a>] </sup> Comunicação apresentada    ao 5º Congresso Florestal Nacional, organizado em Viseu, de 16 a 19 de Maio    de 2005, pela Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciências Florestais.</p>     <p>E-mail: <a href="mailto:maria.radich@iscte.pt">maria.radich@iscte.pt</a> ou    <a href="mailto:fobaptista@isa.utl.pt">fobaptista@isa.utl.pt</a></p>     <p><sup> </sup></p>              ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[ ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O conceito florestal de uso múltiplo sob uma óptica de desenvolvimento económico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agros]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>141-150</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PEREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Impactes ambientais e sócio-económicos do eucaliptal em Portugal]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAPTISTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A política agrária do Estado Novo]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAPTISTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os proprietários florestais: Resultados de um inquérito]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oeiras ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAPTISTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os baldios: Resultados de um inquérito]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MORAIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Análise da florestação em Portugal 1966-1995]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Informação Florestal]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>3-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ESPADA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Florestal Português]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Administração]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GERMANO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico dos baldios a nível nacional]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Direcção-Geral das Florestas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GUERREIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A floresta na conservação do solo e da água]]></source>
<year>1953</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOMES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fomento da arborização nos terrenos particulares]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HARRISON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Forêts: Essai sur l'imaginaire occidental]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LOPES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O Regime florestal na propriedade privada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[A agricultura e o II Plano de Fomento]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<volume>II</volume>
<page-range>211-226</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LOURO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Projecto Florestal Português/Banco Mundial: Relatório final de execução]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Direcção-Geral das Florestas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MENDES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O sector florestal português]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MENDES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Livro Verde da cooperação Ensino Superior - Empresa: Sector florestal]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NATIVIDADE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Subericultura]]></source>
<year>1950</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[PLANO DE FOMENTO FLORESTAL]]></source>
<year>1940</year>
<page-range>202</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RADICH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A silvicultura em Portugal no século XIX]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ler História]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>53-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RADICH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Uma exótica em Portugal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ler História]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>11-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RADICH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O saber da resinagem em Portugal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ler História]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>27-28</volume>
<page-range>177-199</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RADICH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A floresta no Portugal Oitocentista]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro Alves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dois séculos da floresta em Portugal: séculos XIX e XX]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>7-108</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VIEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Arborização e desarborização em Portugal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Informação Florestal]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>9-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
