<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-8231</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análise Psicológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Aná. Psicológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-8231</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ISPA-Instituto Universitário]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-82311998000400008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Motivações e desempenho de estudantes universitários]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arménio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Aveiro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Aveiro ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>1998</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>1998</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>635</fpage>
<lpage>646</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-82311998000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-82311998000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-82311998000400008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O estudo debruça-se sobre a relação dos motivos de sucesso, afiliação e poder com o desempenho escolar de estudantes universitários. A amostra é constituída por 310 estudantes de três cursos da Universidade de Aveiro. Os resultados mostram que a motivação para a afiliação se relaciona nula ou negativamente com o desempenho. A relação positiva dos motivos de sucesso e poder com o desempenho é contingente da dificuldade percepcionada pelos estudantes. Os motivos e os factores de dificuldade explicam uma percentagem da variância nas notas de curso que se situa em torno de 15%.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The study aims to show how achievement, affiliation and power motives relate to academic performance of university students. The sample comprises 310 students belonging to three undergraduate courses from the University of Aveiro. The results suggest that: a) affiliation relates null or negatively with performance; b) achievement and power motives relate positively with performance, but this relationship is moderated by the level of dificulty as perceived by students. Motives and perceived difficulty explain around 15% of performance variance.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Motivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desempenho académico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[dificuldade percepcionada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Motives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[academic performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[perceived difficulty]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p   ><b>Motiva&ccedil;&otilde;es e desempenho de estudantes universit&aacute;rios </b></p >       <P    ></P >       <P   align="right" >Arm&eacute;nio Rego (<a name="top1"></a><a href="#1">*</a>)</P >     <P    >&nbsp;</P >     <P   align="center" >RESUMO </P >     <P   >O estudo debru&ccedil;a-se sobre a rela&ccedil;&atilde;o dos motivos de sucesso,    afilia&ccedil;&atilde;o e poder com o desempenho escolar de estudantes universit&aacute;rios.    A amostra &eacute; constitu&iacute;da por 310 estudantes de tr&ecirc;s cursos    da Universidade de Aveiro. Os resultados mostram que a motiva&ccedil;&atilde;o    para a afilia&ccedil;&atilde;o se relaciona nula ou negativamente com o desempenho.    A rela&ccedil;&atilde;o positiva dos motivos de sucesso e poder com o desempenho    &eacute; contingente da dificuldade percepcionada pelos estudantes. Os motivos    e os factores de dificuldade explicam uma percentagem da vari&acirc;ncia nas    notas de curso que se situa em torno de 15%. </P >     <P   ><I>Palavras-chave</I>: Motivos, desempenho acad&eacute;mico, dificuldade percepcionada.  </P >     <P   >&nbsp;</P >     <P   >&nbsp; </P >     <P   align="center" >ABSTRACT </P >     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P   >The study aims to show how achievement, affiliation and power motives relate    to academic performance of university students. The sample comprises 310 students    belonging to three undergraduate courses from the University of Aveiro. The    results suggest that: a) affiliation relates null or negatively with performance;    b) achievement and power motives relate positively with performance, but this    relationship is moderated by the level of dificulty as perceived by students.    Motives and perceived difficulty explain around 15% of performance variance.  </P >     <P   ><I>Key words</I>: Motives, academic performance, perceived difficulty. </P >     <P    >&nbsp;</P >     <P   >Texto completo dispon&iacute;vel apenas em PDF.</P >     <p >Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <P   align="center" >REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS BIBLIOGR&Aacute;FICAS </P >     <!-- ref --><P    >Atkinson, J. W. (1982). Motivation determinants of thematic apperception. In A. Stewart (Ed.), <I>Motivation and society </I>(pp. 3-40). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers. </P >    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000021&pid=S0870-8231199800040000800001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><P    >Atkinson, J. W., & Birch, D. (1986). Fundamentals of the Dynamics of Action. In Julius Kull, & John W. Atkinson (Eds.), <I>Motivation, thought, and action </I>(pp.16-48). New York: Praeger Publishers. </P >     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P   >Fleming, J. (1982). Projective and psychometric approaches to measurement - The    case of fear of sucess. In Abigail J. Stewart (Ed.), <I>Motivation and society    - A volume in honor of David McClelland </I>(pp. 63-96). S. Francisco: Jossey-Bass    Publishers. </P >     <P   >Gallimore, R. (1981). Affiliation, social context, industriousness and achievement.    In R. H. Munroe, R. L. Munroe, & B. B. Whiting (Eds.), <I>Handbook of cross-cultural    human development</I>. New York: Garland STPM. </P >     <P   >Heyns, R. W., Veroff, J., & Atkinson, J. W. (1958). A scoring manual for the    affiliation motive. In John W. Atkinson (Ed.), <I>Motives in fantasy, action    and society </I>(pp. 205-218). Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand. </P >     <P   >Koestner, R., & McClelland, D. C. (1992). The affiliation motive. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 205-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C., & Taegue, G. (1975). Predicting risk preferences among power-related tasks. <I>Journal of Personality, 43</I>, 266-285. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C., & Watson, R. I. (1973). Power motivation and risk-taking behavior. <I>Journal of Personality, 41</I>, 121-139. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C. (1975). <I>Power: The inner experience</I>. New York: Irvington Publishers. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C., Koestner, R., & Weinberger, J. (1989). How do self-attributed and implicit motives differ? <I>Psychological Review, 96</I>, 690-702. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C., & Koestner, R. (1992). The achievement motive. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 143-152). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >     <P   >McClelland, D. C. (1962). Business drives and national achievement. <I>Harvard    Business Review, July-August</I>, 103-105. </P >     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P   >McClelland, D. C. (1987). <I>Human motivation</I>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >    <P   >McClelland, D. C. <I>et al. </I>(1953). <I>The achievement motive</I>. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. (published with minor modifications in Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 153-178). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). </P >    <P   >McKeachie, W. J. (1961). Motivation, teaching methods, and college learning. In M. R. Jones (Ed.), <I>Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. </I>Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. </P >    <P   >Mehrabian, A. (1969). Measures of achieving tendency. <I>Educational and Psychological Measurement, 29</I>, 445-451. </P >    <P   >Murray, H. A. (1938). <I>Explorations in personality</I>. New York: Oxford University Press. </P >    <P   >O`Conner, P. A., Atkinson, J. W., & Horner, M. (1966). Motivational implications of ability grouping in schools. In J. W. Atkinson, & N. T. Feather (Eds.), <I>A theory of achievement motivation. </I>New York: Wiley. </P >     <P   >Rego, A. (1993). N&iacute;veis de motiva&ccedil;&atilde;o e graus de desempenho.    <I>Revista Portuguesa de Gest&atilde;o, 2</I>, 69-82. </P >     <P   >Rego, A. (1995). <I>O modelo motivacional de McClelland -</I><I> uma aplica&ccedil;&atilde;o</I>.    Disserta&ccedil;&atilde;o de Mestrado, n&atilde;o publicada, Lisboa: ISCTE.  </P >     <P   >Rego, A., & Jesuino, J. C. (1997). <I>Motivational patterns and conflict management styles. </I>Comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o apresentada a 10th Annual Conference of International Association for Conflict Management, 15-18 Junho, Bona, Alemanha. </P >    <P   >Smith, C. P. (1992). Reliability issues. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 126-139). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P   >Stahl, M. J., & Harrell, A. M. (1982). Evolution and validation of a behavioral    decision theory measurement approach to achievement, power, and affiliation.    <I>Journal of Applied Psychology, 67 </I>(6), 744-751. </P >     <P    >Steers, R. M., & Braunstein, D. N. (1976). A behavio-rally-based measure of manifest    needs in working settings. <I>Journal of Vocational Behavior, 9</I>, 251-266.  </P >     <P   >Steers, R. M. (1983). Murray&acute;s manifest needs theory. In R. M. Steers, & L. W. Porter (Eds.), <I>Motivation and work behavior </I>(pp. 42-49). McGraw-Hill. </P >    <P   >Veroff, J. (1992a). A scoring manual for the power motive. In John W. Atkinson (Ed.), <I>Motives in fantasy, action and society </I>(pp. 219-233). Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand. </P >    <P   >Veroff, J. (1992b). Power motivation. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 278-285). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >     <P   >Weinberger, J., & McClelland, D. C. (1990). Cognitive versus traditional motivational    models - Irreconcilable or complementary? In E. Tory Higgins, & Richard M. Torrentino    (Eds.), <I>Handbook of motivation and cognition - Foundations of social behavior    </I>(vol. 2, pp. 562-597). New York: The Guilford Press. </P >     <P   >Weiner, B. (1989). <I>Human motivation</I>. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. </P >    <P   >Winter, D. G. (1992a). A revised scoring system for the power motive. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 311-324). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >    <P   >Winter, D. G. (1992b). Power motivation revisited. In Charles P. Smith (Ed.), <I>Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis </I>(pp. 301-310). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. </P >     <P   ></P >     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P    >&nbsp;</P >     <P   >(<a name="1"></a><a href="#top1">*</a>)Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro</P >      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Motivation determinants of thematic apperception.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Motivation and society]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<page-range>3-40</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Francisco ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Jossey-Bass Inc.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
