LÍGIA LIMA (*)

MARINA SERRA DE LEMOS (*)

MARINA PRISTA GUERRA (*)

RESUMO

Neste artigo é descrita a adaptação e avaliação psicométrica do Schoolagers' Coping Strategies Inventory (Ryan-Wenger, 1990) numa amostra de crianças entre os 8 e os 12 anos de idade. Procurou-se ainda caracterizar as estratégias de coping em crianças e pré-adolescentes, examinar o seu desenvolvimento e diferenças de sexo.

A versão portuguesa demonstrou possuir qualidades psicométricas satisfatórias e o instrumentou revelou possuir três sub-escalas, correspondentes a três tipos de estratégias de coping que podem ser conceptualmente definidas como de distracção cognitiva-comportamental, de acting-out e activas.

Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as crianças e pré-adolescentes utilizam grande variedade de estratégias de coping, sendo as mais salientes as do tipo distracção cognitivo-comportamental e as menos salientes, as do tipo acting out. Pudemos ainda constatar que à medida que, as crianças crescem, vão utilizando menos estratégias do tipo distracção cognitivo-comportamental e, simultaneamente, vão-nas considerando como menos eficazes para lidar com os seus problemas.

Palavras-chave: Coping, crianças, escalas de avaliação.

ABSTRACT

This article describes the adaptation and the psychometric study of the Schoolagers' Coping Strategies Inventory (Ryan-Wenger, 1990) in a sample of Portuguese children aged 8 to 12. The authors also aimed to describe the children´s coping strategies and to examine age and gender differences.

The Portuguese version of SCSI has good psychometric properties and results revealed a three-factor structure, corresponding to three types of coping strategies, which can be conceptualised as cognitive-behavioural distraction, acting out and active strategies.

Results also showed that children and pre-adolescents use a wide variety of coping strategies, and that there are different patterns of use according to age and gender.

Key words: Coping, schoolage children, inventories.

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(*) Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto.