<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-8231</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análise Psicológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Aná. Psicológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-8231</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ISPA-Instituto Universitário]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-82312004000100017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Descobrir o princípio alfabético]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,ISPA - Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada UIDPCDE - Unidade de Investigação em Psicologia Cognitiva do Desenvolvimento e da Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>187</fpage>
<lpage>191</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-82312004000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-82312004000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-82312004000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[A imersão das crianças num mundo de referentes escritos e de interacções em torno do objecto "escrita", permite-lhes fazer um conjunto de descobertas sobre a natureza e funções do código alfabético previamente ao ensino formal. Contudo a riqueza desses contactos e a frequência das transações infantis antes da entrada para a escola é variável, fazendo com que as crianças cheguem à escola em diferentes estádios relativamente à percepção que têm da natureza do código alfabético. A massificação do ensino reflecte-se em estratégias de ensino uniformes e descentradas das confusões conceptuais infantis em relação ao funcionamento do código escrito. A compreensão do princípio alfabético, ou seja a percepção de que as letras ordenadas no espaço das palavras representam os fonemas orais das unidades lexicais, implica competências de elevada complexidade de abstração. Concorrem para esta compreensão a consciência fonológica, o conhecimento de letras e uma percepção da escrita enquanto um código que representa unidades linguística. Cada uma das competências e concepções subjacentes poderá constituirse como um obstáculo à compreensão do princípio alfabético, condicionando o sucesso académico na aprendizagem da leitura.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The immersion of children in a world of written symbols and interactions around "writing" allows them to make a series of discoveries about the nature and functions of the alphabetical code before the beginning of formal education. However, the richness of these contacts and the frequency of transactions before entry in school are variable and this means that children begin school in different stages in terms of their perception of the nature of the alphabetical code. The massification of education has led to teaching strategies which are uniform and decentred from children's conceptual confusion surrounding the functioning of the written code. The comprehension of the alphabetical principle, i.e. the perception that letters ordered in the space ofwords represent the oral phonemes of lexical units, requires competences of high complexity of abstraction. Several aspects are involved in this comprehension: phonological consciousness, knowledge of letters and perception of writing as a code that represents linguistic units. Each of these competences and conceptions can be an obstacle to the comprehension of the alphabetical principle, affecting academic success in reading acquisition.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Aprendizagem da leitura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[treino fonético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[estratégias de leitura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Reading acquisition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phonetic training]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reading strategies]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P><b>Descobrir o princ&iacute;pio alfab&eacute;tico </B></P>       <P>&nbsp;</P>        <P align="right"><I>ANA CRISTINA SILVA (<a name="top1"></a><a href="#back1">*</a>)    </I></P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>       <P align="center">RESUMO </P>       <P>A imers&atilde;o das crian&ccedil;as num mundo de referentes      escritos e de interac&ccedil;&otilde;es em torno do objecto &#8220;escrita&#8221;,      permite-lhes fazer um conjunto de descobertas sobre a natureza e fun&ccedil;&otilde;es      do c&oacute;digo alfab&eacute;tico previamente ao ensino formal. Contudo a      riqueza desses contactos e a frequ&ecirc;ncia das transa&ccedil;&otilde;es      infantis antes da entrada para a escola &eacute; vari&aacute;vel, fazendo      com que as crian&ccedil;as cheguem &agrave; escola em diferentes est&aacute;dios      relativamente &agrave; percep&ccedil;&atilde;o que t&ecirc;m da natureza do      c&oacute;digo alfab&eacute;tico. A massifica&ccedil;&atilde;o do ensino reflecte-se      em estrat&eacute;gias de ensino uniformes e descentradas das confus&otilde;es      conceptuais infantis em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o ao funcionamento do c&oacute;digo      escrito. A compreens&atilde;o do princ&iacute;pio alfab&eacute;tico, ou seja      a percep&ccedil;&atilde;o de que as letras ordenadas no espa&ccedil;o das      palavras representam os fonemas orais das unidades lexicais, implica compet&ecirc;ncias      de elevada complexidade de abstra&ccedil;&atilde;o. Concorrem para esta compreens&atilde;o      a consci&ecirc;ncia fonol&oacute;gica, o conhecimento de letras e uma percep&ccedil;&atilde;o      da escrita enquanto um c&oacute;digo que representa unidades lingu&iacute;stica.      Cada uma das compet&ecirc;ncias e concep&ccedil;&otilde;es subjacentes poder&aacute;      constituirse como um obst&aacute;culo &agrave; compreens&atilde;o do princ&iacute;pio      alfab&eacute;tico, condicionando o sucesso acad&eacute;mico na aprendizagem      da leitura.</P>       <P><I>Palavras-chave</I>: Aprendizagem da leitura, treino fon&eacute;tico,      estrat&eacute;gias de leitura.</P>       <P>&nbsp;</P>       <P>&nbsp;</P>       ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P align="center">ABSTRACT </P>        <P>The immersion of children in a world of written symbols and interactions around    &#8220;writing&#8221; allows them to make a series of discoveries about the    nature and functions of the alphabetical code before the beginning of formal    education. However, the richness of these contacts and the frequency of transactions    before entry in school are variable and this means that children begin school    in different stages in terms of their perception of the nature of the alphabetical    code. The massification of education has led to teaching strategies which are    uniform and decentred from children's conceptual confusion surrounding the functioning    of the written code. The comprehension of the alphabetical principle, i.e. the    perception that letters ordered in the space ofwords represent the oral phonemes    of lexical units, requires competences of high complexity of abstraction. Several    aspects are involved in this comprehension: phonological consciousness, knowledge    of letters and perception of writing as a code that represents linguistic units.    Each of these competences and conceptions can be an obstacle to the comprehension    of the alphabetical principle, affecting academic success in reading acquisition.</P>       <P><I>Key words</I>: Reading acquisition, phonetic training, reading      strategies. </P>       <P>&nbsp;</P>       <P>&nbsp;</P>       <P>Texto completo dispon&iacute;vel apenas em PDF.</P>       <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>&nbsp;</p>       <P align="center">REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS BIBLIOGR&Aacute;FICAS </P>       ]]></body>
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