ISABEL SILVA (**)

JOSÉ PAIS-RIBEIRO (***)

HELENA CARDOSO (****)

RESUMO

O presente estudo teve como objectivo perceber se existem diferenças ao nível do stresse entre doentes diabéticos que sofrem de complicações crónicas da doença e doentes sem diagnóstico de sequelas e proceder a uma reflexão sobre o significado de tais diferenças. Foi avaliada uma amostra de conveniência de 316 indivíduos com diabetes, dos quais 55,4% do sexo feminino; com idades compreendidas entre 16 e 84 anos (M=48,39; DP=16,90); variando o seu nível de escolaridade entre zero e 17 anos (M=6,59; DP=4,25), dos quais 59,8% sofria de complicações crónicas da doença. Os doentes com complicações crónicas da diabetes não apresentam maior stresse negativo do que os restantes doentes; contudo, apresentam menor stresse positivo na sua vida ao longo do último ano. Os resultados são discutidos à luz das perspectivas teóricas actuais, nomeadamente do papel do optimismo na hipotética relação entre percepção de stresse e complicações da diabetes.

Palavras-chave: Diabetes, stresse, afecto positivo, optimismo.

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study is to understand and to discuss the perception of stress differences between diabetic patients with chronic complications of disease and diabetic patients without sequel of disease. Participants include 316 diabetic patients, 55.4% female, ages between 16 and 84 years of age (M=48,39; DP=16,90); 59.8% with chronic complications. We do not found differences between the two groups for negative stress perception; however at the level of positive stress perception patients with chronic complication shows lower perception of positive stress. Positive perception of stress events seems to be related with less sequel of disease suggesting that positive characteristics of personality like, for example, optimism, can play an important role in a hypothetical link between stress and chronic complications.

Key words: Diabetes, stress, positive affect, optimism.

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(*) Trabalho realizado com o apoio da bolsa Praxis XXI BD/21804/9 da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia.

(***) Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade do Porto.

(****) Hospital Geral de Santo António - Serviço de Endocrinologia e Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar -Universidade do Porto.